Unit 5: Ancient Rome

1. Unit 5: Ancient Rome Ch 6

3. THE ETRUSCANS VIDEO LINK Unknown Origins Artistic Culture Lucius Tarquinius Priscus Fall to Rome

4. Think-Pair-Share How might Rome have been different without the Etruscan influence?

5. ROMAN GODS AND RELIGION They had may gods in many places, and constantly new ones being created. Relationship with gods were public not personal. Purpose was to gain benevolence from the gods to ensure the safety of their family and state. Jupiter- King of the gods, ruled with his wife. Juno- Goddess of the sky, Jupiter’s wife. They’re practices were cult worships. They do animal sacrifices and the gods depended on perfectly accurate observance of religious rituals. Pantheon- Temple to all the gods. It burned down twice. The exact age is unknown. Emperor Hadrian rebuilt the one that is still standing. It’s a dome shaped.

6. Kings to Democracy • Etruscan kings become corrupt • Civil war breaks out: Romans vs. Etruscans • Romans win, swear never to have a king again • Now citizens will vote in elections

7. The Roman Republic The Romans established a republic, a government were citizens elect representatives to govern on their behalf. Citizens- all males over 15 who descended from the original tribes if Rome. Patricians- Aristocrats (wealthy class) held the highest position in government. Plebeians- Lower class citizens had virtually no say in the government. The Roman senate was created as a 100 members advisory group for the king. The Senate became the most powerful governing body when the Kings were expelled. The Roman Republic survived until the fall of Rome.

8. Hannibal more like Hanni-COOL haha Hannibal of Carthage’s father was a general. His son started training at age nine. He became a commander and led his people through the Alps with 37 elephants. At first, he is successful! Yay! They could not keep their hold on control, so they negotciate peace. He tries more but loses. He drank poison and died. Hannibal’s war tactics inspired Historians to call him, ‘The Father of Strategy’.

9. Weakening of Republic • Gap between rich and poor grows • Senate becomes corrupt • Plebeians revolt and cause civil war • Important people are strong military leaders

12. Emperor = Years When He Ruled • Augustus (Octavian) = 27BC – 14AD • Tiberius = 14 – 37 • Caligula = 37 – 41 • Claudius = 41 – 54 • Nero = 54 – 68 • Constantine = 307 - 337

15. Tiberius Twitter • You are Tiberius and you have a Twitter account • You’ll be in group of 3 or 4 • Tweet as if you were Tiberius in reaction to the following events in his life: • Becoming Emperor • Keep it short and sweet, like how you would tweet it but in Tiberius point of view • Must be historically right • Retiring to Capri • After creating your tweets, switch your tweet with someone in your group • Respond to that tweet with another tweet

17. Questions • How do you think of or feel about Caligula right now? • How is Caligula impacting your life? • Who would you prefer to be in throne Tiberius, Caligula, or Jemelous?

21. Roman Contributions • Language (Latin) • Apian Way: road system • Connected the whole empire • Aqueducts: water transportation • Gave running water to all of Rome • Sewage: Cloaca Maxima • Still works, sends runoff to Tiber River • Roman Forum (all gov’t) • Concrete: waterproof • Built permanent piers and bridges • Architecture: arch • Strong, less material

22. Colosseum - Jillian