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Following the death of Muhammad in 632 CE, Islam faced a significant division over rightful leadership, resulting in the emergence of two major sects: Sunnis and Shiites. Sunnis, making up about 90% of Muslims today, believe that any good Muslim can be a caliph. In contrast, Shiites, who comprise around 10% of Muslims, hold that Ali, Muhammad's cousin and son-in-law, should have succeeded him and that leadership should remain within Muhammad's bloodline. This division has led to unique practices and beliefs within each group, particularly in countries like Iran and Iraq.
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Islam Splits Over who should succeed Muhammad after his death in 632.
The Muslim world splits into 2 groups: • The Sunnis (pronounced SU-knees) • The Shiites (pronounced SHEE-eye-ts)
The Sunnis (SU-knees) • Believe that any good Muslim can be a caliph or leader • They make up 90% of all Muslims today.
The Shiites (SHEE-eye-ts) • Believe that Ali, Muhammad’s son-in-law and cousin should have succeed Muhammad and that all future rulers should be from this bloodline. (Sharing the blood of Muhammad from Ali, his cousin, and Fatima, his daughter. • Only 10% of the Muslim population is Shiite. Mostly in the countries of Iran and Iraq.
Over time these two groups have developed other differences in the way the worship and in some of their beliefs.
