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Imperialism

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Imperialism. 1890s. What is Imperialism?. Foreign policy in which strong nations extend their political, military and economic control over weaker nations in order to build an empire More colonies = more POWER European nations started the trend US catches on in 1890s

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Imperialism

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  1. Imperialism 1890s

  2. What is Imperialism? • Foreign policy in which strong nations extend their political, military and economic control over weaker nations in order to build an empire • More colonies = more POWER • European nations started the trend • US catches on in 1890s • ..By late 1890s strong countries (GB, US, Japan) are in a mad dash to grab up as many colonies as possible

  3. Imperialism Who were the Imperialists? What territories did they take? • Trendsetter: Great Britain leads the way • 10 Mothers (Imperialist Nations) • Late Comers: Japan and US • Asia • Africa • Latin America • America focuses on • Islands in the Pacific • Caribbean

  4. Why be Imperialistic? • Five Main Reasons: • Cultural • Religious • Economic • Military • Political Can be summed up with “God, Gold and Glory”

  5. Cultural (Glory and God) Religious (God) • Anglo-Saxonism: white race is superior • Manifest Destiny: God intended for America to expand • Social Darwinism: only the strongest nations will survive • Strength = more colonies • Christianity, seen as superior, so it should be spread to lesser nations of Asia and Africa • Imperialism giveS US more territories to Christianize

  6. Josiah Strong • A religious missionary • Argued that America had a responsibility to spread its values by civilizing weaker nations • This is what God wanted America to do

  7. The White Man’s Burden • Poem written by Rudyard Kipling in 1899 • Critical/satirical view of American Imperialism • White men had burden of building an empire to Christianize and civilize other inferior races • Became a rallying cry for US imperialists

  8. Economics (Gold) Political (Glory) • Countries need places to get raw materials from…colonies • Countries need places to sell their manufactured goods… new markets (colonies) • Nationalism – a nation’s greatness could be measured by the number of its colonies • Competition with rivals – prevent other countries from becoming more powerful

  9. Military Genius Military (Glory) Alfred T. Mahan • National Security • Competition was vicious; a nation had to protect its own interests • Military Advantage • More bases in more parts of the world… better navy • Gas Stations • A colony can serve as a refueling/loading station for the Navy • Wrote The Influence of Sea Power Upon History • Suggested that in order for the US to compete it needed: • A better, stronger navy • More naval bases to refuel and resupply

  10. Seward's Folly • Name given to the purchase of Alaska • Purchased by Secretary of State William Seward from Russia for $7.2 million • Called Seward’s Folly (stupidity) because no one understood why America would want an icy tundra, but… • Added over half a million square miles to the country • Alaska was rich in oil and timber

  11. Annexation of Hawaii • Sugar planters in Hawaii are hurting over sugar tariff • Made Hawaiian sugar more expensive than US sugar…after all at this time Hawaii was another country • Queen Liliuokalani removed the voting rights of the white sugar planters in retaliation the planters overthrew the queen with the help of US government • Planters want annexation (added) of Hawaii to the United States…no more tariffs • Government wants to annex because of sugar

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