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Multiple-Concept Comparison Table, p. 1. 2. 3. 3. 3. 1. 3. 1. 3. 1. 1. 1. Overall Concept. Concept. Concept. Concept. Concept. Concept. Characteristics. Characteristics. Characteristics. Characteristics. Characteristics. Steps 1-3 of the Concept Comparison Routine.
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Multiple-Concept Comparison Table, p. 1 2 3 3 3 1 3 1 3 1 1 1 Overall Concept Concept Concept Concept Concept Concept Characteristics Characteristics Characteristics Characteristics Characteristics Steps 1-3 of the Concept Comparison Routine Steps 1: communication Targeted Concepts Steps 2: Obtain the Overall Concept Steps 3: Make lists of Known Characteristics Models of Light Ray Photons Wave Reflection Refraction -------- -------- -------- Color -------- Reflection Refraction Diffraction Interference Polarization Wavelength ---------- Reflection Refraction Diffraction Interference ---------- Energy Photoelectric Effect Steve Shawl, Ph.D., Professor, Physics and Astronomy
Multiple-Concept Comparison Table, p. 2 5 6 4 7 4 6 4 6 6 9 8 4 4 6 Concept Concept Concept Concept Concept Like Characteristics Unlike Characteristics Like Characteristics Unlike Categories Like Characteristics Unlike Characteristics Unlike Characteristics Unlike Characteristics Unlike Characteristics Extensions Like Characteristics Summary Like Characteristics Like Categories Steps 4 -9 of the Concept Comparison Routine Steps 4: Pin down Like Characteristics Steps 5: Assemble Like Categories Steps 6: Record Unlike Characteristics Steps 7: Identify Unlike Categories Steps 8: Nail down a Summary Steps 9: Go beyond the Basics Ray Waves Photons Concept Concept Explains reflection Explains refraction Explains diffraction Explains interference Explains polarization Explains reflection Explains refraction Explains diffraction Explains interference Explains polarization Explains photoelectric effect Reflection Refraction Explains reflection Explains refraction Not explain all wave or photon characteristics Explains all characteristics Explains all characteristics, except, perhaps, polarization Polarization (?) The ray, wave, and photon models of all are all able to explain observations of reflection and refraction. The wave model can explain all characteristics except the photoelectric effect. The simple photon model can explain all but polarization), which is a wave phenomenon. (More complex aspects of the photon model can explain polarization.) Steve Shawl, Ph.D., Professor, Physics and Astronomy