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Bacterial Pneumonia

Bacterial Pneumonia. Cesar Arellano Ruby Perches. What is the disease?. Lower Respiratory tract infection Caused by bacteria called streptococcus pneumoniae Infects one or both lungs Does not form by spores. Streptococcus pneumoniea has one toxin called Pneumolysin . Etiology .

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Bacterial Pneumonia

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  1. Bacterial Pneumonia Cesar Arellano Ruby Perches

  2. What is the disease? • Lower Respiratory tract infection • Caused by bacteria called streptococcus pneumoniae • Infects one or both lungs • Does not form by spores. • Streptococcus pneumoniea has one toxin called Pneumolysin.

  3. Etiology • Streptococcus pneumoniae causes the disease. • Gram + • Lancet-shaped cocci (diplococci)

  4. Epidemiology • A) the elderly tends to be more affected by bacterial pneumonia, because age decreases the immunes systems efficiency. • B) is seen most in late summer and early fall • C) statistics: • 175,000 hospitalizations a year • Fatality rate 5-7% • 8th leading cause of death in U.S.

  5. Mode of Transmission • Person to person through close contact via respiratory droplets.

  6. Symptoms • Cough with discolored mucus • High fever • Chills • Rapid breathing • Pain when coughing or breathing deeply • Shortness of breath • Exhaustion • Loss of appetite

  7. Risk Factors • Having an underlying lung disease like asthma • A systematic disease like diabetes • Immunocompromised • Being very young or old • Abusing alcohol • Smoking or being around a constant smoking environment

  8. Diagnostic Tests • Isolation from blood or cerebrospinal fluid, most patients do not have detectable basteria. • Pneumonoccal urine anitgen test can be used in adults. • High white blood cell count

  9. Treatment • If young & healthy- or antibiotics and a check up a week later • Extreme cases- hospitalization intravenous antibiotics. • If having low oxygen trouble breathing and underlying medical problems- iv fluids, oxygen, breathing treatment

  10. Prevention • PCV13 (pneumococcal conjugate vaccine) vaccine is given to children between the ages <5 and <17 months old • PCV13 is also given to people <18 years old who have immunocomprimising conditions. • PPSV23 is given to adults > 65 years old, and 2-64 years old with undeanatomicasplenia, cerebrospinal fluid leaks, anrlyingmedical conditions. • Immunocomprimised, functional or d cochearnts, receive PCV13 followed by PPSV23

  11. References • Bacterial Pneumonia | Pneumonia Guide | Everyday Health. (n.d.). EverydayHealth.com. Retrieved May 1, 2014, from http://www.everydayhealth.com/pneumonia/bacterial-pneumonia.aspx • Chapter 3Infectious Diseases Related To Travel. (n.d.). Pneumococcal Disease. Retrieved May 1, 2014, from http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2014/chapter-3-infectious-diseases-related-to-travel/pneumococcal-disease • National Library of Medicine - National Institutes of Health. (2014, April 29). U.S National Library of Medicine. Retrieved May 1, 2014, from http://www.nlm.nih.gov/

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