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Molarity: The concentration of a solution

Molarity: The concentration of a solution. A solution is a mixture. The solute is the substance dissolved (Usually the substance that there is less of) The solvent is the substance that does the dissolving. Solute + Solvent = Solution. 1. What is the solvent in air?

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Molarity: The concentration of a solution

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  1. Molarity: The concentration of a solution

  2. A solution is a mixture • The solute is the substance dissolved (Usually the substance that there is less of) • The solvent is the substance that does the dissolving

  3. Solute + Solvent = Solution 1. What is the solvent in air? A) Nitrogen B) oxygen C) carbon dioxide 2. What is the solvent in coca cola? • Sugar B) water C) carbon dioxide 3. What is an aqueous solution? • Dissolved in methane • Dissolved in water • Dissolved in petrol

  4. Molarity (M) The molar concentration shows the number of moles of solute in one liter (dm3) of solution Molarity (M) = moles of solute 1 dm3 solution

  5. Volumetric Flask

  6. Note: http://isterguch.brinkster.net

  7. Molarity Calculations If 4.0 g NaOHare used to make 500. mL of NaOH solution, what is the molarity (M) of the solution?

  8. If 4.0 g NaOH are used to make 500. mL of NaOH solution, what is the molarity (M) of the solution? Step 1 Find the moles (Divide by the molar mass) 4.0 g NaOH x 1 mole NaOH = 0.10 mole NaOH 40.0 g NaOH Step 2: convert to dm3 (Divide mL by 1000) 500. mL x 1 L _ = 0.500 L 1000 mL Step 3 Divide moles of solute by volume of solution 0.10 mole NaOH = 0.20 M 0.500 L

  9. Molarity Calculation A KOH solution with a volume of 400 mL contains 2.0 mole KOH. What is the molarity of the solution? A) 8.0 M B) 5.0 M C) 2.0 M

  10. A KOH solution with a volume of 400.0 mL contains 2.0 moles of KOH. What is the molarity of the solution? B) 5.0 M M = 2.0 mole KOH = 5.0 M 0.4 L

  11. Calculation A glucose solution with a volume of 2.0 L contains 72.0 g glucose (C6H12O6). If glucose has a molar mass of 180.0 g/mole, what is the Molarity of the glucose solution? A) 0.20 M B) 5.0 M C) 36 M

  12. A glucose solution with a volume of 2.0 L contains 72.0 g glucose (C6H12O6). What is the Molarity of the glucose solution? A) 72 g x 1 mole x 1 = 0.20 M 180. g 2.0 L

  13. Molarity Conversion Factors A solution is a 3.0 M NaOH.. Write the molarity in the form of conversion factors. 3.0 moles NaOH or: 1 L NaOH soln 1 L NaOH soln 3.0 moles NaOH

  14. Example Stomach acid is a 0.10 M HCl solution. How many moles of HCl are in 1500 mL of stomach acid solution? A) 15 moles HCl B) 1.5 moles HCl C) 0.15 moles HCl

  15. Stomach acid is a 0.10 M HCl solution. How many moles of HCl are in 1500 mL of stomach acid solution? C) 1500 mL x 1 L = 1.5 L 1000 mL 1.5 L x 0.10 mole HCl = 0.15 mole HCl 1 L (Molarity factor)

  16. Calculation How many grams of KCl are present in 2.5 L of 0.50 M KCl? A) 1.3 g B) 5.0 g C) 93 g

  17. How many grams of KCl are present in 2.5 L of 0.50 M KCl? Answer C) 2.5 L x 0.50 mole x 74.6 g KCl = 93 g KCl 1 L 1 mole KCl

  18. Calculate How many milliliters of stomach acid, which is 0.10 M HCl, contain 0.15 mole HCl? A) 150 mL B) 1500 mL C) 5000 mL

  19. How many milliliters of stomach acid, which is 0.10 M HCl, contain 0.15 mole HCl? B) 0.15 mole HCl x 1 L soln x 1000 mL 0.10 mole HCl 1 L = 1500 mL HCl

  20. Calculation How many grams of NaOH are required to prepare 400. mL of 3.0 M NaOH solution? A) 12 g B) 48 g C) 300 g

  21. How many grams of NaOH are required to prepare 400. mL of 3.0 M NaOH solution? B) 400. mL x 1 L = 0.400 L 1000 mL 0.400 L x 3.0 mole NaOH x 40.0 g NaOH 1 L 1 mole NaOH = 48 g NaOH

  22. Solution preparation • Weigh out a solid solute, pour into a volumetric flask and dissolve in the given quantity of solvent.

  23. 5.00 g of NiCl2•6 H2O are dissolved in enough water to make 250 mL of solution. The molar mass of Nickel(II) Chloride hexahydrate is 237.7 g/mol. Find the Molarity. • 0.0841 • 0.0000841 • 189 • 0.189 Answer: A

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