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Psychosocial Development in Young Adulthood

Psychosocial Development in Young Adulthood. Dr. Arra PSY 232. Psychosocial Development. ERIKSON Intimacy vs. Isolation Young person’s thoughts and feelings about making a permanent commitment to an intimate partner Goal is to establish a mutually gratifying close relationship.

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Psychosocial Development in Young Adulthood

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  1. Psychosocial Development in Young Adulthood Dr. Arra PSY 232

  2. Psychosocial Development ERIKSON • Intimacy vs. Isolation • Young person’s thoughts and feelings about making a permanent commitment to an intimate partner • Goal is to establish a mutually gratifying close relationship

  3. Psychosocial Development • Must give up some of their new found independence • Redefine identity to include the values and interests of two people

  4. Psychosocial Development LEVINSON’S SEASONS OF LIFE • Interviewed men and women; conducted in-depth biological interviews • Life structure – key concept; the underlying designs of a person’s life consisting of relationships with others and work

  5. Psychosocial Development • Early adult transition – less stable period; individuals develop a dream or an image of themselves that guides their decision making (17-22) • Entry life structure for early adulthood – men work towards career goals; women work towards career/family/marriage (22-28)

  6. Psychosocial Development • Age 30 transition: reevaluate life, career, goals, family, partners; both men and women (28-33) • Culminating life structure for early adulthood: (33-40): men settle in career, find a niche in society that is consistent with their values; women are more unsettled, can be juggling ideas of family, children, and career

  7. Psychosocial Development Social Clock – developed by society, has cultural and generational influences • Age related expectations for life events • Beginning a first job/career • Getting married • Birth of a child • Buying a home • retiring

  8. Psychosocial Development COSTA AND MC CRAE’S FIVE FACTORS • 5 personality traits • Stabile over time 1)Neuroticism: emotional instability, anxiety, hostility, depression, self-consciousness, impulsivity, and vulnerability • These people are nervous, fearful, easily angered, and sensitive to criticism.

  9. Psychosocial Development 2) Extraversion: warm, assertive, active, excitement seeking, positive emotions • These people are busy and active and enjoy life. 3) Openness to experience: willing to try new things, vivid imaginations, strong feelings, question traditional values

  10. Psychosocial Development 4) Conscientious People: competent, orderly, dutiful, deliberate, and disciplined 5) Agreeable people: trusting, easily swayed, compliant, and modest • Longitudinal and cross-sectional studies by Costa and McCrae have confirmed the stability of these 5 factors

  11. Psychosocial Development THE COMPONENTS OF LOVE • Sternberg (1987), love has three components: intimacy, passion, commitment • Triangular theory of love • Shifts in emphasis as romantic relationships develop

  12. Psychosocial Development • Intimacy: emotional component, communication • Passion: physical and psychological arousal component • Commitment: cognitive component; assists in couples maintaining love

  13. Psychosocial Development THE BEGINNING OF A RELATIONSHIP • Passionate love is strong OVER TIME • Companionate love develops: passion declines in favor of intimacy and commitment • Warm, trusting, affection, and care giving

  14. Psychosocial Development FRIENDSHIPS • Usually similar in age and SES • Share common interests, experiences, and needs • Enhance self-esteem through acceptance and provide support during times of stress • Make life more interesting by expanding social opportunities and access to knowledge and points of view

  15. Psychosocial Development FRIENDSHIPS • Women have more intimate friendships than men • Women can just talk • Men are involved in activities

  16. Psychosocial Development LONELINESS • Unhappiness resulting from the social relationships we currently have and those we desire • Lack an intimate partner • Lack gratifying friendships • Moving • Shift from job to job • Loneliness peaks during late teens and early twenties and declines steadily into the seventies

  17. Psychosocial Development CAREER DEVELOPMENT • Continuous for men • Discontinuous for women • Self efficacy affects career choice • Personal characteristics • Mentors/teachers • Family expectations

  18. Psychosocial Development COMBINING WORK AND FAMILY • Dual-earner marriage – both husband and wife are employed • Dominant form today • 33% of these families report moderate to severe conflicts in trying to meet work and family responsibilities

  19. Psychosocial Development • Women, especially report role overload the conflict between work and family responsibilities • Provides higher earnings • Better standard of living • Women feel self-fulfilled

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