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Introduction to GIS in Water Resources

CRWR. Introduction to GIS in Water Resources. David R. Maidment Director, Center for Research in Water Resources University of Texas at Austin. National Hydro Data Programs. National Elevation Dataset (NED). National Hydrography Dataset (NHD). NED-Hydrology .

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Introduction to GIS in Water Resources

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  1. CRWR Introduction to GIS in Water Resources David R. Maidment Director, Center for Research in Water Resources University of Texas at Austin

  2. National Hydro Data Programs National Elevation Dataset (NED) National Hydrography Dataset (NHD) NED-Hydrology Watershed Boundary Dataset

  3. Digital Elevation Model with 1 arc-second (30m) cells Seamless in 1° blocks for the United States 10 billion data Derived from USGS 1:24,000 quadrangle sheets National Elevation Dataset

  4. Digital Elevation Model (DEM) 720 720 Contours 740 720 700 680 740 720 700 680

  5. Austin West 30 Meter DEM

  6. 32 64 128 16 1 8 4 2 Eight Direction Pour Point Model Water flows in the direction of steepest descent

  7. 32 64 128 16 1 8 4 2 Flow Direction Grid

  8. Stream cell Cell to Cell Grid Network Through the Landscape

  9. Delineation ofStreams and Watersheds on a DEM

  10. GTOPO30 - 1 km Digital Elevation Model of the Earth

  11. Drainage in North America

  12. 1500 Major Drainage Basins

  13. National Hydro Data Programs National Elevation Dataset (NED) National Hydrography Dataset (NHD) NED-Hydrology Watershed Boundary Dataset

  14. Watersheds of the US 8-digit HUC watersheds 2-digit water resource regions

  15. Hydrologic Unit Code Watersheds ~ 2000 for US, about the size of counties

  16. Watershed Hierarchy Digit # 2 4 6 8 HUC 10 12 NED-H Available In Progress

  17. National Program by USGS and USDA (NRCS) Boundaries for 10- and 12- digit watersheds First cut is by automated delineation from NED Hand checked and edited Watershed Boundary Dataset 10-digit watersheds

  18. National program by USGS and NWS 5000 cellthreshold on a 30m DEM (~ 8 km2 average drainage area) ~ 1 million catchments for US when completed Includes grid derived products e.g. topmodel index

  19. EPA River Reach File 1 (RF1)

  20. River networks for 8-digit HUC watersheds

  21. Lower West Fork, Trinity River Basin HUC = 12030102

  22. NHD River Reaches 412 River Reaches In Upper West Fork

  23. River Reach Codes Rch_Code = 12030102000151 Rch_Code = 12030102000005 Segment# HUC#

  24. Colorado River Network 1:100,000 scale river network developed from NHD ~ 60,000 edges 40,000 mile2 drainage area

  25. City of Austin Stream Network Developed from 1”=100’ Capco Areal photogrammetry 1:1200 scale 63,000 edges 6,300 stream miles

  26. Stream Definition: Waller Creek Austin Watersheds with Streamsderived from Aerial Photographs Streamlines generated by the aerial photographs are not always continuous.

  27. Information for Correcting Stream Network • DEM • Contours • Storm sewers • Orthophotos

  28. Resulting Corrected Stream • Subsequent steps: • Verification of corrected streams by flood hydrologists. • Running “tracer” program to connect arcs. • Burning of streams into DEM.

  29. Colorado River at Mansfield Dam From NHD 1:100,000 scale River Reaches Lake Travis City of Austin Stream network 1:1200 scale

  30. Detailed Comparison between NHD and Austin streams Good agreement between data sets developed independently at very different spatial scales

  31. County Level Digital Soil Maps

  32. National Land Cover Dataset

  33. PRISM Mean Annual Precipitation

  34. National Water Information System Web access to USGS water resources data in real time

  35. Synthesis of GIS and Modeling (slide from 1st International Conference on GIS and Environmental Modeling, Boulder, 1991) GIS Environmental Modeling Environmental description Process representation Input Data Model Results

  36. 1 Models 2 Model 1 Data base Model 2 Data sources Form the model within the frame of the available data Data-Driven Modeling (slide from 3rd International Conference on GIS and Environmental Modeling, Santa Fe, 1996)

  37. Successes in GIS-Model Integration • EPA Office of Science and Technology • BASINS • Hydrologic Engineering Center • HEC GeoRAS and HEC-GeoHMS • Waterways Experiment Station and Brigham Young University • WMS, GMS, SMS,… • Danish Hydraulic Institute • Mike11 GIS, Mike Basin, Mike21 GIS

  38. BASINS - Integrating GIS and Water Quality Modeling Data Cartographic Monitoring Loadings Tools Target Assessment Data Mining Reporting • Models • HSPF - NPSM • QUAL2E • TOXIROUTE • Post-Processors Target Assess DM Decisions Watershed Management . TMDL . Source Water Protection . Stormwater State and Local Data

  39. ArcView Digital Elevation Model ArcView Flood plain maps HEC-RAS Water surface profiles HEC-HMS Flood discharge Integrating GIS and HEC Flood Models HEC-GeoHMS HEC-GeoRAS Digital Map Database

  40. Austin Watersheds

  41. DEM Watersheds for Austin

  42. ArcView Digital Elevation Model ArcView Flood plain maps HEC-RAS Water surface profiles HEC-HMS Flood discharge Integrating GIS and HEC Flood Models HEC-GeoHMS HEC-GeoRAS Digital Map Database

  43. Austin Watersheds

  44. DEM Watersheds for Austin

  45. Selected Watersheds and Streams Mansfield Dam Colorado River

  46. HMS Schematic Prepared with CRWR-PrePro Mansfield Dam Colorado River

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