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Heterogeneous Mixtures

Heterogeneous Mixtures. 1. Suspensions. Suspension – a mixture containing particles that settle out if left undisturbed. Particles are too large to be dissolved. Particles are greater than 1000 nm in diameter. They can be filtered.

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Heterogeneous Mixtures

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  1. Heterogeneous Mixtures

  2. 1. Suspensions • Suspension – a mixture containing particles that settle out if left undisturbed. • Particles are too large to be dissolved. • Particles are greater than 1000 nm in diameter. • They can be filtered. • Examples : muddy water, many “liquid” medicines that require “shaking,”

  3. 2. Colloids • Colloid – Heterogeneous mixture of intermediate size particles. They do not dissolve or settle. • These particles remain dispersed in the solution, they “float” and are suspended. • Particles cannot be removed by filtering. • They are between 1 nm and 1000 nm in diameter. • The most abundant substance in a colloid is the dispersion medium.

  4. If you stir an electrolyte into the colloid, it will cause the particles to settle out. • “Flocculents” bring the colloid particles together and the mass becomes so great that it forms a suspension. • Examples of colloids include smog, fog, milk, mayonnaise, marshmallow, smoke, clouds.

  5. Colloids are classified as : sol, gels, emulsions, foam, and aerosols. • Sol – a solid dispersed in a liquid • Examples : paints, blood • Gel – a solid network extending throughout a liquid. • Example : gelatin (jello) • Liquid emulsion – liquid dispersed in a liquid • Examples : milk, mayonnaise • Solid emulsion – liquid dispersed in a solid • Examples : cheese, butter

  6. Foam – gas dispersed in liquid • Examples : shaving cream, whipped cream, beaten egg white • Solid Foam – Gas dispersed in a solid • Examples : marshmallow, soaps that float • Solid aerosol – solid dispersed in gas (air) • Examples : smoke, air borne particulate matter, auto exhaust • Liquidaerosol – liquid dispersed in gas (air) • Examples : fog, mist, clouds, aerosol spray

  7. Brownian motion – the random, erratic motion of colloid particles. • Caused by the polar areas of the molecules. They attract and repel each other, keeping them in constant motion. • Tyndall Effect – particles in a colloid are large enough to scatter light. • Turbidity – how cloudy the water is.

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