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7. CHAPTER. Dogs. History of the Dog. Probably first domesticated animal ~10,000 years ago Many dogs descended from the wolf These dogs roamed in packs Eventually found it easier to get food from humans Humans began to depend on the dog Modern dog evolved from selected breeding.

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  1. 7 CHAPTER Dogs

  2. History of the Dog • Probably first domesticated animal ~10,000 years ago • Many dogs descended from the wolf • These dogs roamed in packs • Eventually found it easier to get food from humans • Humans began to depend on the dog • Modern dog evolved from selected breeding

  3. History of the Dog • Ancestors of the dog lived 40-50 million years ago. • Miacis • Small carnivorous animals that looked more like a weasel than a dog • Lived in trees

  4. History of the Dog • Tomarctus • Considered the “father” of modern dogs. • Body built for speed and endurance • Was a hunter • Looked much like the modern dog: today’s dog retains much of the Tomarctus’ anatomical features

  5. History of the Dog Today, 7 main groups and 155 breeds

  6. 7 Groups of Dogs • The Sporting Group • The Hound Group • The Terrier Group • The Working Dog Group • The Herding Group • The Toy Group • The Non-Sporting Dog Group

  7. 1-The Sporting Group • Developed to help hunters pursue game • Breeds • Pointer • German Shorthaired Pointer • German Wirehaired Pointer • Labrador Retriever • English Setter • Irish Setter • Brittany • English Springer Spaniel • American Cocker Spaniel

  8. 2-The Hound Group • One type hunts by scent, the other sight • Breeds • Afghan Hound • Basset Hound • Beagle • Black and Tan Coonhound • Bloodhound • Dachshund • American Foxhound • Greyhound • Norwegian Elkhound

  9. 3-The Terrier Group • Two subgroups: (1) Long-legged, large breeds and (2) short-legged, small breeds • Breeds • Airedale Terrier • Bedlington Terrier • Border Terrier • Bull Terrier • Dandie Dinmont Terrier • Fox Terrier • Miniature Schnauzer • Skye Terrier • Welsh Terrier

  10. 4-The Working Dog Group • Developed to labor or work for humans • Breeds • Alaskan Malamute • Boxer • Doberman Pinscher • Great Dane • Great Pyrenees • Standard Schnauzer • Rottweiler • Saint Bernard • Samoyed breed • Siberian Husky • Komondor

  11. 5-The Herding Dog Group • Developed to aid livestock herders with livestock • Breeds • Collie • Border Collie • German Shepherd • Old English Sheepdog • Shetland Sheepdog • Welsh Corgi

  12. 6-The Toy Dog Group • Developed as house pets and companions • Breeds • Chihuahua • Italian Greyhound • Manchester Terrier • Pekingnese • Pug • Yorkshire Terrier • Shih Tzu

  13. 7-The Non-sporting Dogs • Developed as companions • Breeds • Boston Terrier • Bulldog • Dalmatian • Lhasa Apso • Poodle

  14. The Miscellaneous Class • American Kennel Club recognizes five breeds where interest exists • May compete in obedience trials, earn obedience titles, and compete in conformation shows but not earn championship points • Continued interest may earn entrance to regular class • Breeds • Jack Russell Terrier • Tibetan Mastiff

  15. The Hybrid or “Designer” Breeds • Produced by crossing purebred dogs of two different breeds • Common hybrids • Schnoodle: Schnauzer and poodle • Goldendoodle: Golden retriever and poodle • Labradoodle: Labrador retriever and standard poodle • Puggle: Female beagle and male pug • Poochin: Poodle and Japanese chin

  16. Basics of Dog Feeding • Commercial foods are fast and convenient • Special groups need special feeding • Pregnant and lactating females: More food, more frequently • Puppies: Puppy food in amount for breed • Older dogs: Need protein and nutrients • Other feeding suggestions • Hard-boil or cook eggs before feeding • Take care with bones

  17. Guidelines for Dog Exercise • Avoid strenuous exercise for 2 hours after dogs have eaten large meals • Have dogs get physical exams • Condition dogs for strenuous exercise • Be alert to signs of dogs’ fatigue

  18. Methods of Dog Training • Basic training • Five basic commands starting as puppy • Rely on voice, avoid hitting or threatening • House-training • Praise and scold appropriately • Consider paper training • Obedience training • Start with short sessions, work longer • Use proper equipment properly

  19. Basics of Dog Grooming and Care • Hair coats: Brush daily, check for mats • Bathing: Only as needed with dog soap • Nails: Trim occasionally • Ears: Clean monthly, no sharp objects • Eyes: Use eyewash solution, keep free of irritants, rely on veterinary assistance • Teeth: Clean once or twice a week

  20. Infectious Dog Diseases • Caused by pathogenic microorganisms able to invade and grow in living tissue • Examples • Canine distemper • Infectious canine hepatitis • Leptospirosis • Canine parvovirus infection • Infectious tracheobronchitis • Rabies

  21. Noninfectious Dog Diseases • Caused by physical injuries or genetic defects or are noncontagious diseases • Examples • Heart disease • Cataracts • Glaucoma • Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA) • Cherry eye • Hip dysplasia

  22. Fungal Dog Diseases • Ringworm • One of most common fungal diseases • Fungal organisms in dogs and cats, soil, and wild rodents • Systemic fungal infections • Blastomycosis • Histoplasmosis • Coccidioidomycosis

  23. Internal Dog Parasites • Roundworms • Hookworms • Whipworms • Tapeworms • Heartworms

  24. External Dog Parasites • Fleas • Ticks • Lice • Mites • Chiggers

  25. Poisonings • Insecticides • Plants • Household chemicals • Herbicides • Medications • Metal poisonings • Antifreeze

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