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Chapter 16 Carboxylic Acids and Esters

Chapter 16 Carboxylic Acids and Esters. 16.3 Esters 16.4 Naming Esters. Esters. In an ester , the H in the carboxyl group is replaced with an alkyl group. Esterification. Esterification is

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Chapter 16 Carboxylic Acids and Esters

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  1. Chapter 16 Carboxylic Acids and Esters 16.3 Esters 16.4 Naming Esters

  2. Esters In an ester, • the H in the carboxyl group is replaced with an alkyl group

  3. Esterification Esterification is • the reaction of a carboxylic acid and alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst to produce an ester

  4. Learning Check Write the equation for the reaction of propanoic acid and methanol in the presence of an acid catalyst.

  5. Solution Write the equation for the reaction of propanoic acid and methanol in the presence of an acid catalyst.

  6. Ester Products Aspirin • is used to relieve pain and reduce inflammation • is an ester of salicylic acid and acetic acid Oil of wintergreen • is used to soothe sore muscles • is an ester of salicylic acid and methanol

  7. Esters in Plants Esters give flowers and fruits their pleasant fragrances and flavors.

  8. Guide to Naming Esters

  9. Naming Esters The name of an ester contains the names of • the alkyl group from the alcohol • the carbon chain from the acid with -ate ending

  10. Learning Check Give the IUPAC and common names of the following compound, which is responsible for the flavor and odor of pears:

  11. Solution from 1-propanol STEP 1 Write the carbon chain from the alcohol as alkyl. Propyl STEP 2Change ic acid to ate. Ethanoate (acetate) Propyl ethanoate (IUPAC name) Propyl acetate (common name)

  12. Learning Check Name the following esters:

  13. Solution A. STEP 1 Write the carbon chain from the alcohol as alkyl.Methyl STEP 2 Change butanoic acid (butyric acid) to butanoate(butyrate). Methyl butanoate (methyl butyrate) B. STEP 1 Write the carbon chain from the alcohol as alkyl.Ethyl STEP 2 Change propanoic acid (propionic acid) to propanoate(propionate) Ethyl propanoate (ethyl propionate)

  14. Learning Check Draw the condensed structural formula of the following esters: A. Ethyl pentanoate B. Propyl butyrate

  15. Solution Draw the condensed structural formula of the following esters: A. Ethyl pentanoate B. Propyl butyrate

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