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Greece #2: Quest for Beauty & Meaning

Greece #2: Quest for Beauty & Meaning. After the Persian War, Greek culture flourished Classical art. The Parthenon. Temple for Athena Gold & ivory statue of Athena by Phidias Corrected optical illusion. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nashville_Parthenon_005.JPG.

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Greece #2: Quest for Beauty & Meaning

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  1. Greece #2: Quest for Beauty & Meaning

  2. After the Persian War, Greek culture flourished • Classical art

  3. The Parthenon • Temple for Athena • Gold & ivory statue of Athena by Phidias • Corrected optical illusion

  4. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nashville_Parthenon_005.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nashville_Parthenon_005.JPG

  5. Nashville, Tennessee has a replica of the Parthenon & statue of Athena (see next two slides).

  6. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/Parthenon.at.Nashville.Tenenssee.01.jpghttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/Parthenon.at.Nashville.Tenenssee.01.jpg

  7. Greek Columns

  8. White House (Ionic) • Lincoln Memorial (Doric) • US Capitol Building (Corinthian)

  9. Art • Greeks OBSESSED with beauty • Realistic & lifelike • Pottery • Mythological scenes • Scenes of everyday life

  10. Sculpture • Myron • Perfect human form (Discus Thrower)

  11. Drama • Tragedy-unhappy ending  • Comedy- happy ending 

  12. Dionysus – god of wine & pleasure http://www.tqnyc.org/2005/NYC051950//miritgreecemythology.htm

  13. Sophocles • Oedipus Rex (King who killed his dad & married his mom– forced to do these things by the gods) • When he discovers what he’s done, he blinds himself

  14. Aristophanes • Satires—jokes—pointed at society & major leaders

  15. http://www.phys.ksu.edu/personal/cdlin/picture/tour-00/greektheater.JPGhttp://www.phys.ksu.edu/personal/cdlin/picture/tour-00/greektheater.JPG

  16. http://artsedge.kennedy-center.org/greece/theater/playersProps.html http://www.bellport-playcrafters.com/trivia.html

  17. Olympics • Wanted perfect body • Olympics • Throwing, wrestling, running • Women had one in honor of goddess Hera

  18. The Greek Mind • 400s BC: Sophists (traveling teachers) • Believed Greek gods (deities) had little control over people • Philosophers (lovers of wisdom)

  19. Socrates • Born in Athens (470 BC) • Socratic Method: philosopher questioning student • Reason as only authority • 399 BC: “Corrupting the young”-DEATH by hemlock poison

  20. Plato • Socrates’ student • Creates school “The Academy” • 1st political science book, The Republic (tries to create perfect govt.)

  21. The Republic • Just city: • Specialization of 3 classes: • Producers (farmers, craftsmen, doctors), Warriors, Rulers (philosopher kings) • Just soul: • 3 parts: Lustful, Spirited, Rational (rational part rules, spirited part enforce rational part’s convictions, lustful part must obey)

  22. Aristotle • Studied at Plato’s Academy • Tutored Alexander the Gr8 • Opened school “Lyceum” • Scientific Method • Book Politics

  23. Historians • Herodotus “Father of Greek History” • Wrote about Persian Wars (Historia) • Thucydides • Peloponnesian War history

  24. Scientists • Thales of Miletus (600s BC) • 1st to predicted solar eclipse • Pythagoras (500s BC) • Pythagorean theorem • Music: shorter the string, higher the pitch

  25. Hippocrates • “Father of Medicine” • Hippocratic Oath-code of doctors • Disease caused by things in nature

  26. “Hippocratic Fingers” – clubbed fingers = sign of lung diseases Hippocrates discovered http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:ClubbingFingers1.jpg

  27. Treating Hemorrhoids- Hippocrates did surgery on hemorrhoids

  28. Alexander’s Empire • Macedonia-north of Greece • 359 BC: Philip II King of Macedon • Wanted to… • unify Greek city-states • destroy Persian Empire

  29. Philip used Greek phalanxes • 338 BC: Philip II took city-states in Greece • 336 BC: Philip killed by wife • Olympias set up her son ALEXANDER as king

  30. Alexander the Great • Tutored by Aristotle • Throne by age 20 • 331 BC: Alexander destroyed Persia • WANTED WORLD DOMINATION!

  31. Alexander & troops married Persian women http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/bigphotos/6793020.html

  32. At the Indus River • Soldiers-tired of fighting went home • 323 BC: Alexander died of malaria at 33 yrs. old

  33. 3 generals divide empire & war constantly until Romans take over

  34. Hellenistic Culture-mix of Persian & Greek cultures • Alexandria, Egypt • 1st museum (library, research center, zoo, & gardens)

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