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Phylum Chordata

Phylum Chordata. Phylum Chordata. Deuterostomes The four traits ALWAYS Notochord Pharyngeal slits/pouches Hollow, dorsal nerve cord Postanal tail Other traits Endostyle or thyroid gland Segmental musculature. It’s What All the Chordates are Wearing.

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Phylum Chordata

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  1. Phylum Chordata

  2. Phylum Chordata • Deuterostomes • The four traits ALWAYS • Notochord • Pharyngeal slits/pouches • Hollow, dorsal nerve cord • Postanal tail • Other traits • Endostyle or thyroid gland • Segmental musculature

  3. It’s What All the Chordates are Wearing

  4. It’s What All the Chordates are Wearing

  5. Stages & Events of Chordate Embryogenesis Developmental Process Embryonic Stage Zygote Morula Blastula Gastrula Neurulation Neurula Pharyngula Fetus

  6. Cleavage Generates a Blastula

  7. Gastrulation & Neurulation

  8. Fates of Embryonic Germ Layers

  9. Gastrulation & Neurulation

  10. Notochord • Embryonic mesodermal structure • Induces neural tube formation • Serves as a dorsal support structure

  11. Notochord & Formation of Neural Tube NT N NT N

  12. Pharyngula Staged Vertebrate Embryos

  13. Chordate Cladistics

  14. Phylogenetic Relationship between Echinoderms, Hemichordates & Chordates

  15. Chordate Phylogeny

  16. Phylum Chordata, Subphylum Urochordata • Protochordates • SP Urochordata • Notochord only in tail • Tadpole-like larvae • Class Ascidiacea • Class Thaliacea • Class Larvacea Larvacian Ascidian Thaliacian

  17. Urochordate Larvae

  18. Ascidian Larvae & Metamorphosis

  19. Ascidian Adult Anatomy

  20. Solitary Ascidians Clavelina puertosecensis

  21. Compound Tunicate Colony

  22. Class Thaliacea (Salps)

  23. Class Larvacea

  24. The Ancestral Chordate ?

  25. Phylum Chordata Subphylum Cephalochordata • Maintain chordate structures throughout life • Segmental myomeres very apparent • Notochord extends entire length of body

  26. Amphioxus Maintains All Chordate Characters • Notochord • Dorsal neural tube • Pharyngeal slits/pouches originate from neural crest • Analogous to gill slits, inner ear & larynx • Postanal tail • Extension of body muscle beyond anal opening tail

  27. Amphioxus

  28. Pikaia • Earliest known fossil chordate • Burgess shale of BC • Obvious similarity to cephalochordates

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