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Advanced Academic Writing 4 th lecture

This lecture will cover the general structure of a full article, the use of modal verbs, degrees of uncertainty, implications and future work, and references in advanced academic writing.

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Advanced Academic Writing 4 th lecture

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  1. Advanced Academic Writing4thlecture Instructor: Kumiko Morimura, Ph.D. Yolanda Alberto, Ph.D. Global Ware Project Global Center for Innovation in Engineering Education, IIIEE The University of Tokyo ees.seut@gmail.com Public Lecture for Engineering Graduate School Winter Semester, 2016 3799-027 16:50-18:35, Wednesday Eng. 2nd bldg. Room 211 Advanced Academic Writing

  2. General structure of a full article • Title, authors, abstract, keywords • Main text (IMRAD) • Introduction • Methods • Results and • Discussion (Conclusion) • References, acknowledgements and annexes Completeness, coherence and cohesion Advanced Academic Writing

  3. Grammar/writing for discussion • Modal verbs: might, could, should, ought to, need to, have to, must • Used to modify the validity of a sentence Advanced Academic Writing

  4. Grammar/writing for discussion or conclussion Degrees of uncertainty • ... may/might … • … suggests that … / It is likely that … • We speculate/believe that … • There is a possibility / We cannot rule out • These results (do not) favor … Advanced Academic Writing

  5. Grammar/writing Implications, future work • Our findings may have wide applications … • …, which may eventually …. • Further studies will be required to …More detailed analysis will … • We still do not know … • One question that remains … • Another unsolved question is … Advanced Academic Writing

  6. References Advanced Academic Writing

  7. Example list of references(Alphabetical for Harvard style) Fisher, R., Ury, W. and Patton, B. (1991) Getting to yes: Negotiating an agreement without giving in, 2nd edition, London: Century Business. Hart, G., Albrecht, M., Bull, R. and Marshall, L. (1992) “Peer consultation: A professional development opportunity for nurses employed in rural settings”, Infront Outback – Conference Proceedings, Australian Rural Health Conference, Toowoomba, pp. 143 – 148. Phillips, J. (1999a). “Some paper title” Journal of Something, Vol. X, Nr. Y, pp. 8–28 Phillips, J. (1999b). “Follow-up paper on something” Journal of Something, Vol. X, Nr. Z, pp. 44–61 Advanced Academic Writing

  8. Harvard system(Parenthetical referencing) Phillips (1999a) found that … … which was later confirmed by a second experiment (Phillips, 1999b) Fisher, Ury and Patton (1991: 37) suggest that … Hart et al. (1992) state that … Advanced Academic Writing

  9. Example list of references(Order of appearance for Numerical style ) [1] J. Phillips, “Some paper title” Journal of Something, Vol. X, Nr. Y, 1999, pp. 8–28 [2] J. Phillips, “Follow-up paper on something” Journal of Something, Vol. X, Nr. Z, 1999, pp. 44–61 [3] R. Fisher, W. Ury, and B. Patton, Getting to yes: Negotiating an agreement without giving in, 2nd edition, London: Century Business, 1991. [4] G. Hart, M. Albrecht, R. Bull, and L. Marshall, “Peer consultation: A professional development opportunity for nurses employed in rural settings”, Infront Outback – Conference Proceedings, Australian Rural Health Conference, Toowoomba, 1992, pp. 143 – 148. Advanced Academic Writing

  10. Numbering system(More common in Engineering) Phillips [1] found that … … which was later confirmed by a second experiment [2]. Recent studies [3] suggest that … Some researchers [4] believe that … Advanced Academic Writing

  11. PEER REVIEW Advanced Academic Writing

  12. Revising and rewriting • Add more details, examples, explanations, • Reorganize (if needed) • Improve paragraphing • Change words • Think of sentence structure • Correct errors in spelling, punctuation, and grammar Advanced Academic Writing

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