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Advancing Biogeochemistry in the Arctic: Integrating Emerging Modules and Ecological Dynamics

This presentation explores critical issues in Arctic marine biogeochemistry, emphasizing the need for new ecological modules to address complex interconnectivity and sparse observations. It discusses examples from existing ecosystem models and outlines important biogeochemical features to resolve, such as freshwater input, stratification, and ocean currents. A pan-Arctic approach is advocated to study the impacts of nutrient dynamics on food webs and algal blooms. With contributions from Scott Elliott, we underscore the significance of comprehensive nutrient data and the implications of climate change on Arctic ecosystems.

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Advancing Biogeochemistry in the Arctic: Integrating Emerging Modules and Ecological Dynamics

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Emerging modules for the ASM: Biogeochemistry By Clara Deal with contributions from Scott Elliott

  2. Introduction - Critical issues Complex interconnectivity Sparse observations Emerging modules? Example of overall system Existing ecosystem models Biogeochemical component models Important features to resolve Pan-Arctic approach Outline

  3. different shelf characteristics – freshwater input • stratification • currents Complex interconnectivity demands consideration of an ecology of advection. Figure (and slide title) modified from Carmack et al. 2006

  4. Marine biogeochemistry in the Arctic remains seriously under sampled. CABANERA A first time series for Franklin Bay http://www.cases.quebec-ocean.ulaval.ca/

  5. There is a critical need for gridded nutrient data beyond WOA.

  6. (slide from Scott Elliott) One Growing Family Tree: U.S. CCSM and abrupt change Land model is NSF/DOE CLM with coupled C/N and global dynamic veg Emerging: Boreal albedo/veg connections (DOE Impacts) Emerging: Methane from permafrost (DOE Impacts) Ocean model is NSF/DOE POP with global eco and C/N /P/Fe/Si Emerging: Ice algae and DMS (DOE Epscor in CICE) Emerging: High latitude specialists (DOE Epscor in CICE) Emerging: Marine clathrate CH4 release (DOE Impacts) Regional evolution of CCSM biogeochemistry: RACM incorporating Walsh ecodynamics in sea No terrestrial Arctic grid in this family as yet

  7. A couple emerging biogeochemistry modules were mentioned yesterday during session 2. Current state of Regional Arctic Models. • RCAO – Döscher/Jones RCO Model – SCOBI bio-chemistry (Baltic Sea) • ECCO2 – Heimback/Menemenlis Lifetime, transport and fate of riverine DOC in the Arctic Ocean (Manizza et al. in press)

  8. A few coupled physical-biological models have been applied to Arctic waters.

  9. Important features to resolve: • Horizontal transport – nutrients, biomass • Ocean stratification • Timing of ice retreat and algal release • Mixing zone and euphotic layer depths

  10. Timing of ice retreat impacts phytoplankton bloom timing and shapes the structure and function of food web.

  11. Extreme seasonality in ice cover results in highly variable mixing zones and euphotic layer depths – in space and time.

  12. Pan-Arctic approach • contiguous domains • controls – e.g. nutrients and light • “ecology of advection” “Food webs and physical-biological Coupling on pan-Arctic shelves: Unifying concepts and comprehensive perspectives” Eddy Carmack, Paul Wassman

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