S ubmiTted to: emiliano l. garchitorena tour guiding review of terms

1. Glossary SubmiTted to:emiliano l. garchitorena tour guiding review of terms

2. Ala carte menu – (HRM) a list of food items with corresponding prices from which a free choice is made and paid for per ordered item • Ad hoc tour package – ( tour put together to the specifications of a client • Advertised tour – tour program for which a marketing tool has been printed or prepared • Accommodations – rooms available for occupancy by guests • Accompanied baggage – baggage carried on the same craft as a passenger • Adjoining rooms – two or more contiguous rooms

3. Amendment – change of detail on a confirmed reservation • Air ticket – document comprising all flight and other coupons issued by or in behalf of air carrier, which evidences the contract between the passenger and the carrier for the carriage of the passenger and his baggage over a certain route. • Airline – commercial company providing scheduled air transportation an made up of it equipment, personnel and array of facilities • Airline code – two alphanumeric abbreviation of air carriers used by travel agents and tour operators all over the world • Airport representative – employee of a travel agency, tour operator or accommodations establishment who assists arriving guests

4. American breakfast – morning meal consisting of fresh fruits or juice, cereals, coffee or tea, eggs with bacon, ham or sausages, toasts and marmalade • American plan – a meal plan basis which includes three meals a day • Archipelago – number of islands surrounded by water • Arrival transfer – trip from destination’s gateway to a place of lodging • Assembly – company of persons gathered for deliberation and legislation, worship or entertainment • Availability – space or services ready for sale, reservations or commitment to a customer at the time of inquiry or need • Back-to-back – two way use of seats in transportation equipment. Also, continuous operation of a tour package, with a minimal between the departure of one group and the arrival of the next one

5. Back of the house – areas of lodging establishment with which guests do not normally come into direct contact • Baggage – all articles, effects and personal property of a passenger necessary for his comfort and convenience in connection with a trip • Baggage allowances – volume and weight of luggage that may be carried on board by a traveler without any additional charge • Baggage claim check – portion of the baggage tag which is detached and serves as a receipt for the passenger’s checked-in baggage • Baggage tag – identifying tag strapped to a passenger’s luggage, issued by the carrier for identification purposes • Bay – body of water that protrudes into land • Best available – request for the best available room, craft or service

6. Blocked-off – a specific number of rooms or seats set aside at a specific rate, for a specific date • Blocked space – reservation made by wholesaler with a supplier, subject to forfeiture of deposit paid, if no re-sold • Booking – a reservation for a seat, room, tour or service • Booking card – document prepared by a travel counselor or reservations staff, which contains all the pertinent travel information, data and status of the prospective traveler’s trip • Booking order – document prepared by the reservations staff of travel agencies and tour operators, requesting space or services from suppliers.

7. Broadcast e-mail – for some large group of clients, some browsers have mail-listing capabilities. After getting the material from the database, they use an e-mail application to create a list for broadcasting the same message to all the names in the list at one go • Brochure – a printed, book-type marketing tool with pictures, graphics, illustrations and appropriate text describing the products and services of a tour operator, and their specific inclusions • Browsers – allow anybody to contract and receive messages from anybody who has access to an online computer. It processes information from just about any online computer regardless of its location and format in which the information is stored • Bump off – to off-load passengers from a flight or a trip

8. Bus – a large highway passenger vehicle that provides scheduled services for individually ticketed passengers • Business class – air travel by a class superior to economy but lower than first class service • Business traveler – a person who travels primarily for business purposes • Cancelation – the release of confirmed reservation • Cape – a projection of land into water • Cardinal Points – (Geography) The four cardinal points in a compass are North, East, West and South. The cardinal points of a compass are (clockwise) North (12 o’clock), East (3 o’clock), South (6 o’clock), and West (9 o’clock). Always look for the arrow cross or star) that points to the north in the map. This side is the up side of the map that must be oriented to the upside of the page for proper orientation.

9. Carrying Capacity – (Generic) The total of the essential services of a tourist facility necessary to adequately meet the needs of a number of travelers. • Carrier – (Transport) A duly franchised public transportation company • Cancellation Charge – (Generic) A fee collected by a supplier for a failure of a client to use the reserve space, without having cancelled the reservation within the allowed cancellation period. • Charter – (Transport) A contract for the exclusive use of air, sea and land transportation equipment, on the specific date(s) and sector(s) of the itinerary • Check-in – (HRM) Formalities attendant to the arrival of a guest at the place of lodging, including filling out the registration form.

10. Check-in Time – (HRM) A hotel day begins at 0600 hours; however the guest may only occupy the room after an established checked0in time, usually 1400H. • Checked-inn Baggage – (Transport) accompanied baggage turned over by the passenger to the carrier. • Check-out – (HRM) Departure of guest upon completion of stay, including settlements of personal accounts. • Check-out time – (HRM) A specified time at which the guest should vacate the room, normally 1200 hrs. • Circle Fairs – (Transport) A fare from the point of origin back to the point of origin, passing by one or more intermediary points. • Class – (Event Management) A body the same students meeting regularly to attend the same subject. (Transportation) The category of transportation service being provide eg. first class, business class, economy class.

11. Clinic – (Event Management) A group devoted to the solutions and analysis of concrete problems, or to the acquiring of specific skills or knowledge in a particular field. The criterion here is “analysis and solution” of “concrete problems”. • Colour scheme – (Printed Tool) Refers to the background color of the pages, if any, or the colour maps and drawings. Colour combinations should be pleasing to the eyes, and in harmony with the surrounding material. • Commercial Rate – (HRM) A special price for regular guests of the hotel. • Complimentary – (Generic) A service or product provided free-of-charge. • Complimentary Room – (HRM) Non-revenue rooms offered by the hotel in a ratio to the total number of rooms occupied; usually one complimentary bed for every 15 beds.

12. Conducted Tour – (Tours) A pre-arranged tour accompanied by a tour escort throughout. Also called “Escorted Tour”. • Conclave – (Event Management) A private meeting or secret assembly such that held to elect a new Pope. It may also be applied in the boardroom of the corporation, when the directors meet in secret to discuss possible hostile take-over. • Conference – (Event Management) A formal interchange of views, a meeting to discussing matters of common concern. It implies participation, consultation and interchanged of ideas by all attendees. • Confidential Tariff – (Tours/Travel) a list of wholesale rates distributed in confidence to travel agents and wholesaler by tour operators.

13. Confirmed Reservation – (Generic) An advice that a reservation has been accepted and will be honored. • Congress – (Event Management) Similar to international conventions in the European context. • Conjunction Ticket – (Transport) Two or more tickets concurrently issued which together constitute a single contract of carriage. • Connecting Flight – (Transport) A segment of an ongoing journey which requires a passenger to change aircraft (but not necessarily airline). The city or point where the change occurs becomes a stopover if the passenger is required to wait for more than twenty-four hours for the next flight or if the passenger voluntarily decides to stay for one or more days.

14. Connecting Rooms – (HRM) Two or more rooms with connecting doors, permitting access between the rooms. • Contact Address/Number – (Generic) An address or number where the passenger can be reached prior to departure. • Continental Breakfast – (HRM) A morning meal generally consisting of coffee or tea, rolls and croissant, and butter and marmalade. • Continental Plan – (HRM) A meal plan basis which includes continental breakfast only. • Continents – (Geography) Large masses of land. The continents are: Africa, Asia, Australia, Antarctica, Europe, North America and South America. • Contracted Rate – (Generic) A negotiated net rate granted to tour operators by operators.

15. Convention – An assembly of people meeting for a common business purpose and social interchange between attendees. • Convention Rate – (HRM) A special rate applied to delegates of a convention, of a specific date. • Converting Hits to Sales – (E-commerce) The more hits or visitors the web site has, the more chances are there to convert into sales. A hit is a cyberspace visit. • Copy – (Printed Tool) Refers to the text that expresses the concept, ideas or image of the company, product or service. The text is the substance of any marketing tool. • Corporate Rate – (HRM) A special rate agreed upon between a non-travel entity and a hotel, which is usually below the Rack rate and above the Contracted rate.

16. Corporate Travel – (Travel) Travel by individuals on official corporate business. • Cruise – (Transport) A sea voyage for pleasure • Day Rate – (HRM) A special rate for non-overnight use of a hotel room. • Delegate – (Generic) A person who travels primarily to attend a convention. • Demi-Pension – (HRM) A meal plan basis which includes breakfast and either lunch or dinner. Also “Half-board” or “Modified American Plan”. • Denied Boarding – (Transport) When a passenger is not allowed to board a flight due to insufficient or improper travel documentation.

17. Direct Flight – (Transport) a journey during which the passenger does not have to change planes. • Direct Mailers – (Marketing and Sales) Flyers or sales letters sent to a specific target market listed via the postal system. • Discotheque – (HRM) A place for dancing which features special lighting effects and kinetic musical sounds. • Domestic Tour Operator – (Tours) A travel entity that operates tour packages within a country for residences of that country. • Domestic Tourism – (Generic) The movement of residents within their country.

18. Departure Transfer – (Transport) A trip from a place of lodging to a destination’s departure point. • Deprived Boarding – (Transport) When a paying passenger with a valid ticket and confirmed reservations is not accommodated on a flight. • Descriptive Itinerary – A schedule of travel activities presented in an accurate, descriptive manner primarily for marketing purposes. • Desk Agent/Clerk – (HRM) An employee of accommodations establishment responsible for operating the front office. • Destination – (Transport) The ultimate stopping place according to the contract of carriage in a ticket. • Deposited Reservation – (Generic) A reservation for which payment has been received and obliges the supplier to hold the reservation.

19. Double Room – (HRM) A room with matrimonial bed for two persons. • Double Room Rate – (HRM) The full price of a room with matrimonial bed for two persons. • Double-up – (HRM) An assignment of two unrelated persons to share one twin room. • Downgrade – (Generic) To provide a product or service of lesser value than what was paid for. • Early Check-in – (HRM) The arrival of the guests before the standard 1400H check-in time. • Economy Fare – (Transport) The fare for economy class service. • Elevation – (Geography) The height of land above sea level. • European Plan – (HRM) Hotel accommodations with no meals included.

20. Electronic Ticket – (Transport) Transaction receipts that provides proof that one’s air ticket is stored in an airline’s database, which can be availed upon presentation of proof of identity. • Excess Baggage Tag – (Transportation) A receipt issued by an airline to a passenger evidencing payment for excess weight on baggage. • Exchange Voucher – (Tours/Travel) A document issued by travel agencies and tour operators, specifying services to be provided to the bearer, and stipulating all charges incurred therein will be charged to the company issuing the exchange voucher. It is surrendered to the supplier in exchange for the services mentioned. • Excursion – (Tours) A day tour lasting no more than 16 hours.

21. Excursion Fare – (Transport) A fare that is below two or more combined fares of one way sectors or legs. • Extra Bed – (HRM) An additional bed placed in a room to accommodate an additional guest. • Exhibitions – (Event Management) are also known as “Trade Events” and consist of a series of exhibit booths in which people show their wares, hoping to influence attendees towards ordering or purchasing. A trade show may be an integral part of another type of meeting or it may be free standing by itself. • Extension – (Tour) A pre-arranged sub-tour offered as an option, with corresponding extra charges, to the buyers of the tour package. It may be availed of before, during or after the basic tour package. (HRM) A guest’s hotel stay beyond the reserved dates.

22. Extranets – (E-commerce) Contains product information that can be accessed by outsiders – such as vendors and clients – they form the company’s information dissemination areas. This Internet application is most evident in the travel and tourism industry, particularly with transportation entities schedules and fares listings and with destination. • FIT – (Generic) An acronym for Free/Foreign Individual Traveler that indicates the traveler is not part of the tour group. • Familiarization Tour – (Tours) A complimentary or a reduced rate tour for media people or travel agents designed to acquaint them with a specific destination • Family Plan – (HRM) A special room rate policy, where children sharing room with parents do not pay.

23. Familiarization Tours – (Marketing and Sales) Invitational trips for both media and intermediaries of the industry in order to expose them to the product and solicit positive response and endorsements, and objective assessments of the product. • Family Room – (HRM) A room tagged with special rate when occupied by a family. • Fathom – (Geography) Unit of measurement of the sea depth. • Filipino Breakfast – (HRM) A morning meal consisting of fresh fruits or juice, coffee or tea, eggs with tapa, tocino or longganiza and sinangag. • Fjords – (Geography) Narrow inlets of sea between cliffs or steep slopes.

24. Flat Maps – (Geography) Do not give accurate distances from east to west and vice-versa, only from north to south or south to north. Also, the areas of a flat map near the south and north poles (12 o’clock and 6 o’clock) are greatly distorted because a ball cannot be flattered into a rectangle. • Flight – (Transport) A scheduled air service identified by a flight number. • Flight Coupon – (Transport) The portion of the passenger’s air ticket which is surrendered upon airport check-in in exchange for a boarding pass. • Flyer – (Marketing and Sales) A marketing tool consisting of a one sheet, printed advertisement of a product or service, for distribution to potential clients, by hand or email.

25. Flight Frequency – (Transport) The number of flights between two specified sectors, or specified period of time. • Font and Type – (Printed Tool) Makes the marketing tool reader-friendly or otherwise, in that too small a font discourages prolonged reading, while a very large one limits the amount of text. The secret is to strike a balance between the two in such a way that jibe with the ideas or concepts being exposed. • Foreign Exchange – (Generic) The conversion of the currency of one country into that of another. • Foreign Tour Operator – (Tours) A travel entity that operates tour packages to foreign countries for the residents of a country.

26. Format – (Printed Tool) Refers to the presentation of topics, including the distribution of text vis-à-vis the visuals. The format should reflect a harmonious flow of topics and ideas presented in a logical sequence. • Email Newsletter – (E-commerce) A broadcast email is an electronic marketing tool. The newsletter is a continuing stream of information flowing from you to your prospective clients. • Equator – (Geography) The imaginary line that encircles the middle (the waist) of the Earth. It is equidistant from the North and South poles. It is the horizontal equivalent of the vertical combination of the Prime Meridian and the International Date Line.

27. Excess Baggage – The amount of luggage by weight, volume or number of pieces that exceeds the baggage allowance set by the carrier. • Excess Baggage Charge – A fee collected for the carriage of baggage over and above the baggage allowance. • Forum and Symposium – types of meetings although the symposium is perhaps the more formal among the two. Both employ discussions led by speakers and allow questions and comments from the floor. There is usually a moderator to lead the process and summarize the business at hand at the end of the meeting. • Free Sale – the agreed practice of allowing confirmation of a specified number of reservations, within a specified period, without referring to the principal of the confirmation.

28. Front Office – a place in the hotel where all the attractions takes place. • Front of the House – areas of a hotel with which guests come into direct contact. • Full House – when all saleable rooms of a establishment are occupied. • Globe – sphere that features either the geophysical features of the Earth’s land mass or the political boundaries of the different countries of the world. It is only the true accurate map. • Ground Arrangements – a tour package classification that comprise only transfers and sightseeing tours at destination. • Go-show – to show up at an airline counter with an open dated ticket, for a chance of boarding.

29. Graphic – the company logo is the most obvious graphic element of the web page, but it may also bore viewers. Do not abandon the logo, but do not let it dominate the webpage design. Other design elements, such as maps and travel pictures, are probably more exciting for the visitors. Use pictures that involve and stimulate the viewer. • G.I.T – acronym for Group Inclusive Tour that indicates there are more than ten or fifteen travellers in a prepaid tour package of specific components and value. • G.I.T Fare – airline fare only applicable to group Inclusive Tours. Also known as “GV Fare”. • Group Rate – special discounted hotel room rate offered to a group.

30. Guaranteed Minimum – a number given by a client to a supplier that indicates the number of persons to be served and paid for, even if the actual number is below the number given. • Guaranteed Reservations – reservations secured by a guest’s agreement to pay for the room whether it is used or not. • Guaranteed Tour – tour guaranteed to operate, unless cancelled before an established cut-off date. • Guest Folio – record of guest’s account containing a running balance of the financial obligations to the lodging establishment. • Guest – individual who has registered and will spend at least one night in an accommodations establishment. • Guided Tour – sightseeing tour conducted by a tour guide

31. Gulf – large bodies of water that protrude into land. • Half-twin Rate – the per person rate of a twin or double room to be occupied by two persons. • Headlines – in the webpage, headlines provide instant visual structure. Text has to be short and visitor-oriented. Always address the viewer as “you” and be casual but respectful. • High/Low Season – the time of the year et any given destination, when traffic and rates are at the highest/lowest. • High/Low Season Rate – maximum or minimum room rate charged when demand is heaviest/lightest. • Hits – visits by people interested in what the website advertises. Unique and unusual come-on will definitely attract more visitors to a website.

32. Hospitality Resources – supply component consisting of all the cultural wealth of an area which makes possible the successful hosting of tourists. • Hospitality Room – room used for entertaining, usually a parlor or a function room. • Hotel – establishment that provides lodging, food and beverages and any other type of service that cater to the needs of its guest. • Hotel Contract – agreement by which a hotel commits to a tour operator to provide hotel services to a traveler, which is a client of a travel agency handled by a tour operator. • Hotel Package – combination of board, lodging, transfers and use of hotel facilities offered as a package by accommodations establishment.

33. Inbound Tour Operator – travel entity that operates tour packages within a country for residents of foreign countries. • Incentives – activity to encourage the participants to increase production or solve problems within an organization. • Incentive Travel Rate – special room rate applied to a specific incentive travel movement on specified dates. • Incidental Charges – charges for personal services rendered that are not included in the arrangements made by the tour operator. • Inclusive Tour – a tour package classification consisting of transportation to/from a destination, transfers, sightseeing tours, accommodations and specified meal.

34. Inclusive Escorted Tour - a tour package classification consisting of transportation to/from a destination, transfers, sightseeing tours, accommodations and specified meals and the services of a tour escort. • Interactivity – refers to the interaction between the vendor and the vendee in cyberspace. It makes the it easy for the visitors to get in touch with the agency. • International Date Line – the last meridian where the plus 180 and the minus 180 meet. • International Tourism – movement of tourists between and among different countries. • Internet Service Provider – server of the Internet that delivers access to the enchanted kingdom and the browser makes it come alive in the computer screen.

35. Interpreter – person who translates orally for persons conversing in different languages. • Intranets – provides the last frontier in the dissemination of the corporate travel policies and procedures and the enforcement of rules, and regulations and restrictions pertaining to travel. • Islands – bodies of land surrounded by water. • Isthmus – narrow strip of land and activities arranged in chronological order. • Lakes – bodies of water surrounded by land. • Land Arrangements – tour package classification that comprises transfers, sightseeing tours, and accommodations and specified meals at a destination.

36. Late Arrival – reservation that is expected to arrive at a place of lodging, with due notice, after 180hrs. • Late Check-out – departing guest who remains beyond the check-out hours, normally 1200hrs. • Latitudes – imaginary horizontal line stretching from the Prime Meridian-East up to the International Date Line • Layout – similar to format, it is more of a technical description for distributing columns of text and the size of the pictures or visuals. • Lecture – may be a part of a program of another meeting or it may be a session by it-self. Formal presentation by a single person, generally on a single subject. • Legs – portion of a flight between any two consecutive scheduled stops.

37. Links – tells viewers that a “wormhole” to another world exists right there. There’s no telling which routes viewers will take, but the link can nudge them in the right direction toward interactivity by designing with the viewer in mind. • Load Factor – percentage ratio of a carrier’s capacity sold, to the total capacity offered for sale. • Local Tour Operator – travel entity that operates sightseeing tour packages within a given locality for both foreign and domestic visitors. • Locator maps – maps with grids with horizontal numbered squares on top and lettered vertical squares of small geographical areas used to locate hotels, attractions and the like.

38. Longitudes – imaginary vertical lines stretching from the North Pole to the South Pole. • Luggage – all articles, effects and personal property of a passenger necessary for his comfort and convenience in connection with a trip. • Magnetic North – the direction all compasses point to. • Manager for Tours – person who supervises the operations of a tours department for a travel agency. • Manager for Travel – person who supervises the operations of a travel department for a travel agency. • Market – geographical area or socio-economic denomination whose members have disposable time and money to travel outside their place of residence for leisure and other purposes.

39. Meeting – defined as the coming together of a group of people with similar interests to accomplish some predetermined goal purposes. • Minibus – medium-sized highway passenger vehicle that provides transportation tours services for passengers travelling as a group or on a tour package. • Mountains – elevated terrestrial masses that are peaked or serrated. • M.P.D – acronym for Multi Purpose Document, an airline document, used to request specific services from a supplier, for the person named in the document. • Nautical Charts – rectangular flat map that provide general indications of the oceans depth in fathoms and the characteristics of the sea bottom.

40. Navigational Tools – helps the visitors find where they want to go within the site. • Night Club – place of entertainment open at night for eating and drinking, usually with a floor show. • Net-Net – actual cost of a component, without commissions or mark-up, and inclusive of taxes and service fees. • Niche Marketing – provides the unique opportunity to make a travel management company’s travel expertise available to anybody in the world who has access to an online computer. • Northern Hemisphere – all the area of the North equator are the opposite of the southern half. • North Pole – top of the Earth; where the Arctic is. • No show – reservation that is neither cancelled or fulfiiled.

41. No Show Charge – fee collected by a supplier for a reservation that is neither cancelled or fulfilled. • Non-sked – supplemental transportation service; short for “non-scheduled”. • Non-stop Flight – flight between two points in which the aircraft does not land in between. • Occupancy – percentage of rooms sold to the total available rooms offered for sale. • Oceans – large bodies of water. • Off-line – cities or countries not on the route of a carrier. • Off-load – to remove a passenger or freight already boarded for whatever reason.

42. One-on-One Email – simple, effective, and cheap way to send a message to an individual client. • On-line – cities or countries through which a carrier operates. • One-way Fare – fare from one point to another with no provision for the return trip. • Open Ticket – airline ticket which does not specify when a service is to be performed, which makes the customer responsible for securing reservation at a lower date. • Open-dated Ticket – air ticket with no reservation on flight or date • Optional Tour – tour that is not part of the basic package. • Outside Connections – links with other companies and organizations for cross-selling.

43. Overbooking – practice of committing more rooms or seats than are available. • Over-ride Commission – commission given in addition to regular or standard commission. • Over-stay – to remain beyond the expiration of reserved stay. • Package Rate – the per person, twin share rate of a tour package. • Panel – meeting where a panel of experts with diverse views on the same subject present ideas in turn, under the direction of a moderator. • Peak season – period of greatest arrival/departure of tourist. • Pamphlet – a one/two fold printed marketing tool with pictures, graphics, illustrations and text describing products and services of a travel agency or tour operator.

44. Paper Stock – quality conveys the desired image however a more important considerations is the weight. • Passenger Coupon – portion of a passenger’s air ticket that constitutes the passenger’s written evidence of the contract of carriage. • Passport – official government document for international travel that certifies the identity and the citizenship of the bearer; it is issued by a national government to their citizens as a proof of citizenship which permits them to leave their country • Payment Advice – a slip of paper detailing the breakdown of the amount to be paid by the client to the travel agent. • Peninsula – large projections of land into the water.

45. Personal Selling – oral presentation in a conversation with one or more prospective purchasers for the purpose of making sale. • Plateau – elevated terrestrial masses that is flat. • Plus-Plus – term used to indicate that taxes and gratuities must be added to the stated rate. • Physical Maps – rectangular flat map that features the natural geophysical features of the Earth’s landmass. • Pilgrim – a person who travels primarily for religious purposes. • Point-to-Point Fare – basic fare from one city to another covering only the cost of the ticket. • Political Maps – rectangular flat map that features the political boundaries of different countries.

46. Port of Call – stopover of a cruise trip where shore excursions are offered. • Porterage – per baggage fee paid for handling services at airport, piers, and sometimes hotels. • Pre/Post Tour – range of sightseeing tours and tour packages offered before and after a convention. • Press Conference – special kind of meeting where the media invited to a gathering to be given information on some new event. • Prime Meridian – first meridian or the first longitude; also referred to as the “Greenwich Meridian Time”. • Privacy and Security – unless the company publishes its privacy, policy, visitors may be unwilling even to consider leaving their names and addresses in your registry book.

47. Prorate – to divide the cost of a travel component or service by the number of passengers availing of such service. • Published Rate – rate with built-in commission distributed by suppliers. • Purchase Order – document issued by non-IATA travel agencies requesting an IATA-accredited travel agency to issue air tickets. • Quad – room occupied by four individuals. • Rack Rate – published rate of a hotel not discounted in any way with built-in commission. • Run-of-the-House Rate – average between the maximum and the minimum room rate available committed by a hotel to the tour operators. • Reconfirmation – statement of intent to use a reservation.

48. Refund – repayment to the client of all, or a portion of a fare for unused carriage or service. • Registration Card – form completed by the guest upon check-in at an accommodations establishment. • Regular Tour Package – tour put together according to the demands of the market to a popular tourist attraction. • Re-routing – change of passenger’s route, fare, fare, class or service, schedule or validity from that originally provided. • Reservation – advanced request for available space at some time in future. • Resort – place of lodging endowed with special characteristics. • Retreat – period of withdrawal for prayer, meditation or study of instruction under a director.

49. Revalidation – authorized alteration and stamping of an air ticket by an airline. • Room service – food and beverage service provided in the privacy of the guest’s room. • Rooming List – list that provides the names of the persons in a group along with other information. • Round Trip Fare – fare from an origin point to another and back to the origin point by the same route. • Round Trip Package – tour package consisting of travel form one point to another and returning via another route as the outbound trip. • Sales Promotions – short term incentives to encourage the sale of a product or service. • Scale – comparative measurement on the map.

50. Seas – second largest to oceans. • Segment – portion of a flight between any two consecutive scheduled stops. • Seminar – coming together of a group of people with similar interests for the purpose of giving information. • Series Rate – special group rate applied to a number of groups from the same tour operator with identical itineraries arriving at regular intervals • Service Charge – administrative fee, either fixed or percentile, added to a person’s account to cover tips. • Service fee – fee paid to a travel agent for services where the agents receives no commission. • Shore excursion – day tour offered to passengers of a cruise ship.