1. 7.2 Nationalism at Center Stage

2. 5 mph 133 feet long 18 feet wide

3. STEAMBOAT PILOT When I was a boy, there was but one permanent ambition among my comrades in our village on the west bank of the Mississippi River. That was, to be a steamboatman. We had transient ambitions of other sorts, but they were only transient. When a circus came and went, it left us all burning to become clowns; the first negro minstrel show that came to our section left us all suffering to try that kind of life; now and then we had a hope that if we lived and were good, God would permit us to be pirates. These ambitions faded out, each in its turn; but the ambition to be a steamboatman always remained. - Life on the Mississippi

4. Influence of Nationalism on the Nation’s Courts • Fulton and Livingston given charter from NY legislature river boat trade. They had exclusive rights to operate steamboats on NY’s river. - Monopoly • •They granted license to others • •Ogden got NY to NJ • •Gibbons came along doing the same • •Ogden sues Gibbons saying Gibbons is illegal • •Gibbons vs. Ogden: • oSupreme Court declares Ogden wrong – only federal gov’t regulate interstate trade (cell phones) • oAgain national over state • also favors competition over monopoly

5. Influence of Nationalism on the Nation’s Courts • McCulloch vs. Md • •Md tried to run National Bank of US out of business by taxing it • •J. Marshall and SC says states can’t tax only federal can (power to tax is power to destroy) even within their own state • If Marshall allowed this then states would be overturning laws passed by Congress • •BUS is constitutional

6. Influence of Nationalism on the Nation’s Courts • Fletcher v Peck • Georgia law violated individuals’ rights to enter a contract • Earlier Georgia state congress had granted an sweetheart of a real estate contract to “friends” regarding western lands. Those Congressmen took bribes in exchange for those frontier lands. • This “Yazoo grant” infuriated voters (propertied white males) in Ga. Election and most of those particular state Congressmen not re-elected • New state Congress men promptly took back that Yazoo land grant. • Those real estate friends who had gotten land under the original Yazoo grant sued the state of Ga. Said you can’t take back our contract rights. A contract is a contract. • J. Marshall said a contract was a contract and that included state contracts. The next legislature couldn’t take that contract away. • States beholden to the Constitution and its laws too!

7. Influence of Nationalism on the Nation’s Courts • Dartmouth College v. Woodward • State of NH cannot revise the original charter of the college given in colonial times by the state itself. • Charter is a contract and Consitution does not allow states to interfer with contracts. • So consider: How did the SC’s rulings strenghthen the federal gov’ts control over the economy? • How did the SC limit the power of the states? • In what ways did the SC boost Federal power? • How

8. Nationalism Shapes Foreign Policy • Nationalism - the belief that national concerns should be placed ahead of regional concersn or the interests of other countries • Under Monroe the Secretary of State John Quincy Adams secures: 1. establishes security of the nation 2. expands the nation’s territory

9. Nationalism Shapes Foreign Policy • Nationalism - the belief that national concerns should be placed ahead of regional concerns or the interests of other countries 1.Rush Bagot Treaty 1817- reduces military ships of Grt Britain on the Grt Lakes eventually border b/w 2 countries is demilitarized

10. Nationalism Shapes Foreign Policy • Nationalism - the belief that national concerns should be placed ahead of regional concerns or the interests of other countries 2.Convention of 1818 - fixed the northern border of the US at 49th parallel later reaches compromose w/GB - joint occupation of Oregon for 10 years 49th parallel

11. Nationalism Shapes Foreign Policy • Nationalism - the belief that national concerns should be placed ahead of regional concerns or the interests of other countries 3.Adams- Onis Treaty 1819 - Spain, too weak to protect New World interests, ceded Florida to US also gives up any claim to Oregon

12. Nationalism Shapes Foreign Policy • 4. Monroe Doctrine • Sp and Portugal defeat Napoleaon in 1815. Tried to regain LA territories. • Russia - in Alaska 1784- begins to establish trading posts in California territories • US must do something! • Russian incursion poses threat to US profitable trade with China! • Many Americans want Cuba and northern Mexico • What will James Monroe do?

13. Monroe Doctrine • warns all outside powers not to interfere w/ affairs in the Western Hemisphere • do not try to estb colonies here • do not try to overthrow newly created independent republics in this hemisphere • if you try to do this we will consider it “dangerous to our peace and safety” • We promise to stay out of European affairs and they must promise not to interfere with existing status quo in Western Hemisphere • a.k.a. we will stay out of your backyard if you stay out of ours

15. Nationalism Pushes America West • Settlers busy moving into NW Territory: Ohio - Indiana - Illinois - Wisconsin _ Michigan

16. Nationalism Pushes America West • Why go west? • 1. escape debts • 2. escape the law • 3. searching for economic gain (land is cheap!) • 4. social gains; easy to change status/occupations

17. Nationalism Pushes America West • What is the legislation on becoming a state? NW Ordinance of 1787

18. Nationalism Pushes America West • 1819 Missiouri reaches pop. of 60,000 and applies for statehood • TROUBLE! • up until then had 10 free and 10 slave states • NOW WHAT? • Illinois admitted as free state • Alabama is admitted as slave state NOW WHAT!

19. Nationalism Pushes America West • 1820 Missiouri’s status is critical to the balance of power b/t free and slave states (in Congress)... • there is talk of civil war (clue: real civil war begins 1860) • Henry Clay to the rescue with a compromise

20. Nationalism Pushes America West • Maine admitted free/ Missouri admitted slave • the rest of the Louisiana Territory was split into 2 spheres of interest (slave and free) • dividing line 36 - 30. • north of this is free • south of this is slave