Functional Behavior Assessments

1. Functional Behavior Assessments Adapted from work by the OSEP center on PBIS

2. IDEA makes it an imperative • The IEP team, “should explore the need for strategies and support systems to address any behavior that may impede the learning of the child with the disability or the learning of his or her peer”

3. What is FBA?

4. What is FBA? • Children display behavior for a specific reason.

5. What is FBA? • Children display behavior for a specific reason. • Our task is to figure out why

6. What is FBA? • Children display behavior for a specific reason. • Our task is to figure out why • A FBA is a strategic tool

7. What is FBA? • In a nutshell, FBA is • A systematic problem-solving process

8. What is FBA? • In a nutshell, FBA is • A systematic problem-solving process • to identify the (function) of specific behavior

9. What is FBA? • In a nutshell, FBA is • A systematic problem-solving process • to identify the (function) of specific behavior • Used to help problem solving teams

10. Why use FBA? • focus on factors that initiate, sustain, or end the behavior

11. Why use FBA? • focus on factors that initiate, sustain, or end the behavior • Similar looking behaviors may be created differently

12. Why use FBA? • focus on factors that initiate, sustain, or end the behavior • Similar looking behaviors may be created differently • what the student "gets" or • what the student “avoids”

13. Rule • “You should not propose to reduce a problem behavior without also identifying alternative, desired behaviors a person should perform instead of problem behavior”(O’Neill et al., 1997, p. 71).

14. Setting Events

15. Setting Events Identify Antecedents

16. Desired or acceptable Alternative Setting Events Identify Antecedents Detail the Problem Behavior

17. Desired or acceptable Alternative Typical Consequence Setting Events Identify Antecedents Detail the Problem Behavior Consequences (function)

18. When Sequoia misses her 12:30 medication & teachers present multiple task demands, she makes negative self-statements & writes profane language on her assignments. Teaching staff typically send her to the office with a discipline referral for being disrespectful.

19. When Sequoia misses her 12:30 medication & teachers present multiple task demands, she makes negative self-statements & writes profane language on her assignments. Teaching staff typically send her to the office with a discipline referral for being disrespectful. Setting event Misses 12:30 medication

20. When Sequoia misses her 12:30 medication & teachers present multiple task demands, she makes negative self-statements & writes profane language on her assignments. Teaching staff typically send her to the office with a discipline referral for being disrespectful. Setting event Antecedent Misses 12:30 medication Teachers make multiple task demands

21. When Sequoia misses her 12:30 medication & teachers present multiple task demands, she makes negative self-statements & writes profane language on her assignments. Teaching staff typically send her to the office with a discipline referral for being disrespectful. Setting event Antecedent Response Sequoia makes negative self- statements & writes profane language Misses 12:30 medication Teachers make multiple task demands

22. When Sequoia misses her 12:30 medication & teachers present multiple task demands, she makes negative self-statements & writes profane language on her assignments. Teaching staff typically send her to the office with a discipline referral for being disrespectful. Setting event Antecedent Response Consequence Sequoia makes negative self- statements & writes profane language Teacher sends Sequoia to office for being disrespectful Misses 12:30 medication Teachers make multiple task demands

23. When Sequoia misses her 12:30 medication & teachers present multiple task demands, she makes negative self-statements & writes profane language on her assignments. Teaching staff typically send her to the office with a discipline referral for being disrespectful. Avoid difficult tasks Setting event Antecedent Response Consequence Sequoia makes negative self- statements & writes profane language Teacher sends Sequoia to office for being disrespectful Misses 12:30 medication Teachers make multiple task demands

24. Cesar has dyed his hair three colors & is teased several times by his friends before class. When he enters the class, his teacher stares at his hair. Caesar immediately says “what the f*#! are you staring at?” His teacher immediately sends him to in-school detention. Setting event Antecedent Response Consequence

25. Cesar has dyed his hair three colors & is teased several times by his friends before class. When he enters the class, his teacher stares at his hair. Caesar immediately says “what the f*#! are you staring at?” His teacher immediately sends him to in-school detention. Setting event Antecedent Response Consequence Caesar is teased several times about his hair by his friends before class

26. Cesar has dyed his hair three colors & is teased several times by his friends before class. When he enters the class, his teacher stares at his hair. Caesar immediately says “what the f*#! are you staring at?” His teacher immediately sends him to in-school detention. Setting event Antecedent Response Consequence Caesar is teased several times about his hair by his friends before class His teacher stares at his hair in class

27. Cesar has dyed his hair three colors & is teased several times by his friends before class. When he enters the class, his teacher stares at his hair. Caesar immediately says “what the f*#! are you staring at?” His teacher immediately sends him to in-school detention. Setting event Antecedent Response Consequence Caesar is teased several times about his hair by his friends before class His teacher stares at his hair in class Caesar asks his teacher what she’s staring at

28. Cesar has dyed his hair three colors & is teased several times by his friends before class. When he enters the class, his teacher stares at his hair. Caesar immediately says “what the f*#! are you staring at?” His teacher immediately sends him to in-school detention. Setting event Antecedent Response Consequence Caesar is teased several times about his hair by his friends before class His teacher stares at his hair in class Caesar asks his teacher what she’s staring at removal

29. Cesar has dyed his hair three colors & is teased several times by his friends before class. When he enters the class, his teacher stares at his hair. Caesar immediately says “what the f*#! are you staring at?” His teacher immediately sends him to in-school detention. Avoid attention Setting event Antecedent Response Consequence Caesar is teased several times about his hair by his friends before class His teacher stares at his hair in class Caesar asks his teacher what she’s staring at removal

30. When his teacher asks him what the capitol city of a country is, Napoleon gives the correct answers. His teacher praises his correct answer, & tells him he may work by himself or a friend on the rest of the assignment. Setting event Antecedent Response Consequence

31. The real world is never simple… • gain attention • avoid instruction • seek excitement

32. The more complicated world of FBA • Identify the problem behavior • Collect multiple data points • Analyze the data • Make determinations & hypotheses about the function • Develop & implement a Behavior Intervention Plan (BIP) • Evaluate progress & follow-up