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  1. Iceland Paige Cox| MCOM 413/513 | Spring 2019

  2. Population • 343,518 as of 2018 • Most populous city is the capitol of Reykjavik • Urban population: 94.3% of total population • Median age is 36.5 years of age • Life expectancy of 83.1 years of age • Homogeneous mixture of descendants of Norse and Celts 94%, population of foreign origin 6%

  3. Religion Largest church in Iceland: Hallgrímskirkja

  4. Language • OfficialLanguage of Iceland: Icelandic • Considered one of the cornerstones of the Icelandic Culture • A sub-group of North Germanic Languages • Closely related to Norwegian & Faroese with some traces of Celtic influences • Icelanders celebrate “The day of the Icelandic Language” November 16th. • Although Icelandic is primary language most can speak another language the most popular being English. This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC

  5. Government • Parliamentary republic • Independence Day June 17 (1944) • 2008-2011 faced financial crisis • Chief of state: President GudniThorlaciusJohannesson • Head of government: Prime Minister Katrin Jakobsdottir President GudniThorlaciusJohannesson Prime Minister Katrin Jakobsdottir

  6. Media: Newspapers & Magazines • Frettabladid - daily, distributed free-of-charge • Morgunbladid - morning daily • DV - tabloid • Vidskiptabladid - business • Baejarinsbesta - West Fjords local news • Icelandreview.com - English-language site with news • Stundin - known for investigative reporting • Kjarninn - known for news analysis • Iceland Magazine - news and Culture • Icenews - news website • Grapevine - news, travel, and culture • Iceland Monitor - news website

  7. Media: Radio • 1926- the first Icelandic broadcasting without government initiative • Icelandic National Broadcasting Service operates two national networks and 4 regional stations, operated public radio • Bylgian is the first private radio station established in 1986 • 23 domestic FM radio stations • 2 web radio channels

  8. Media: Television • Icelandic National Broadcasting Service – public network Sjonvarpid • Stod 2 – main private station • SkjarEinn – private network • There are eleven domestic stations • Television was introduced to Iceland in 1966 • Deregulation began in 1986 Journalist at Iceland Monitor: Anna MargrétBjörnsson

  9. Media: internet • 98 % of the population uses internet • One of the highest rate of internet and social media usage in the world • No government restrictions on connectivity • Internet activist group anonymous attacked Icelandic government websites in protest against Iceland's commercial whaling activity in 2015 and 2016

  10. Media: Press Freedom Ranking • Ranked #13 • Absolute freedom of speech • A media law passed in 2011 that protects identity of sources and independence of media • Has seen decline due to strain between media and politicians

  11. Iceland: Cold Culture • Iceland is a cold culture. • Private about feeling but vocal about opinions • Direct communication • There isn’t hidden meaning behind words that are said. Yes means yes and no means no • Individuals have their own identity

  12. Cold Culture: Examples

  13. Cold Culture: Examples These are just a few headlines from stories of protest currently going on in Iceland. Everyone has their own voice and is allowed to share their opinion. Iceland doesn’t hide these different views/opinions but chooses to display them and inform the public. Iceland's press freedom ranking is #13 for its freedom of speech. These protest are a testament of that. Protest can range from environmental protest, to work strikes to even political protest. Protest come without any repercussion from the government

  14. Iceland: Low context • Few social rules • Woman do not fit in traditional roles • Power doesn’t mean as much • Communication is direct • Writing has more background • Facts are more important than emotion

  15. Low context: Examples

  16. Low context: Example The story from the last slide gives a brief view of how most of the stories are written in Iceland. The story begins with the facts. Why? What? When? Where? Why? How? The story then goes into more of the fine details. This is a type of writing that we see a lot of in the United States. The most important information is given to the readers first. This allows the reader to know what the story is about just by reading the first paragraph. The finer details are then laid out through out the rest of the story for the reader to continue gathering more insight on the situation.

  17. Iceland: Guilt based • Guilt based cultures can and are usually regulated with laws or some form of guidelines • There is a clear line between right and wrong • Those living in that culture know what is right and wrong. They also know the potential consequence of that action.

  18. Guilt based: Examples

  19. Guilt based: Examples On the previous slide there are examples of how Iceland's culture is guilt based. Iceland has laws and expectations that people are to follow. With this control there is a guilt for behaviors that a culture finds unacceptable. These unacceptable behaviors can be anything from arrest for petty crimes to sexual harassment or assault.

  20. Work Cited • 2018 World Press Freedom Index. (2018). Retrieved February 22, 2019, from https://rsf.org/en/ranking_table • Fontaine, A. (2019, February 20). Two Men Sentenced To Prison For Assaulting Club Doormen, Paralysing One. Retrieved February 26, 2019, from https://grapevine.is/news/2019/02/20/two-men-sentenced-to-prison-for-assaulting-club-doormen-paralysing-one/ • Iceland profile - Media. (2018, October 03). Retrieved February 23, 2019, from https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-17386737 • Island.is. (2019). Retrieved February 22, 2019, from https://www.iceland.is/the-big-picture/people-society/language • Karlsson, Ragnar. (2006). Radio, TV and Internet in Iceland: Brave new 'Digital' World: Turning Point of Broadcasting or Old Wine in New Bottles?.

  21. Magnússon, K. (2019, February 20). Australian woman goes to jail in Iceland for biting violent ex-husbands tongue. Retrieved February 28, 2019, from https://icelandmonitor.mbl.is/news/news/2019/02/20/australian_woman_goes_to_jail_in_iceland_for_biting/ Quick Facts. (2019). Retrieved February 22, 2019, from https://www.iceland.is/the-big-picture/quick-facts Ragnheidur. (2018, February 27). The Icelandic Language Origin, Phrases and where it stands today. Retrieved February 22, 2019, from https://adventures.is/blog/authors/ Ragnheidur. (2018, February 27). The Icelandic Language | Origin, Phrases and where it stands today. Retrieved February 22, 2019, from https://adventures.is/blog/authors/ Reinstra, A. (2019, February 21). Students organise climate change protest at Alþingi. Retrieved February 25, 2019, from https://www.icenews.is/2019/02/21/students-organise-climate-change-protest-at-althingi/ Rienstra, A. (2019, February 7). FO silent protest held in Alþingi. Retrieved February 25, 2019, from https://www.icenews.is/2019/02/07/fo-silent-protest-held-in-althingi/

  22. Sexual harassment stories concerning former Minister made public. (2019, February 4). Retrieved February 23, 2019, from https://icelandmonitor.mbl.is/news/politics_and_society/2019/02/04/sexual_harassment_stories_concerning_former_ministe/ The World Factbook: Iceland. (2018, February 01). Retrieved February 22, 2019, from https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ic.html Ćirić, J. (2019, February 26). Asylum Seekers Protest at Keflavik Airport. Retrieved February 26, 2019, from https://www.icelandreview.com/news/asylum-seekers-protest-at-keflavik-airport/

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