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Hardware Design Experiences in ZebraNet

Hardware Design Experiences in ZebraNet. [ZSLM04] - Princeton University Sensys ‘04 Presented By: Jay Taneja. Mpala Research Centre. Application: Animal Tracking - Use collars with GPS to take periodic readings in order to support biologists monitoring the walking patterns of zebras in Kenya.

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Hardware Design Experiences in ZebraNet

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  1. Hardware Design Experiences in ZebraNet [ZSLM04] - Princeton University Sensys ‘04 Presented By: Jay Taneja

  2. Mpala Research Centre • Application: Animal Tracking - Use collars with GPS to take periodic readings in order to support biologists monitoring the walking patterns of zebras in Kenya

  3. ZebraNet Design Space • Mobile Sensor System • Sparse Network Coverage • High Energy Sensors (GPS) IMPORTANT POINT ZebraNet is unlike any other deployment, requiring custom hardware and software

  4. Goals for ZebraNet • Three Primary Goals • Collect detailed, accurate position logs of each zebra • Have a high data recovery rate (Redwoods?) • Autonomous Operation Moo.

  5. Hardware Evolution

  6. Another Important Evolution • Change of -controller • Lower power usage (switching clocks) • 750 mA-hr/day, 20 MHz Hitachi SH1 too greedy • TI MSP430F149 allows multiple clocks (32 KHz, 8 MHz) • Ease of software development (16-bit) • Ability to have 100% duty cycle • 32 KHz clock consumes 0.05 mA more than sleep

  7. Important Features • Nodes obtain GPS reading every 8 minutes • GPS can sync to global clock allowing for efficient TDMA scheme • Nodes attempt to send information over radio (multi-hop) every 2 hours • All data logged to onboard flash (local as well as received - latency, shmlatency)

  8. % of Successful Receive vs. Distance No spell check on figures

  9. Solar Power Analysis

  10. A Thousand Words

  11. GPS Data for 1 Zebra Over 24 Hours

  12. Conclusions • Hardware choice worked very well for sparse node-to-node communication • Simplicity of software environment dictated -controller choice • Details matter in WSN power management

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