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Understanding Weather and Climate Dynamics

Explore the concepts of weather and climate, including the differences between them, the factors that influence them, and how they affect our daily lives and decision-making.

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Understanding Weather and Climate Dynamics

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Unit 4 Global Weather Dynamics

  2. Hurricane Katrina

  3. Weather and Climate • Weather… What is it? • Day to day environmental conditions. • Examples: • Rainy / snowy • cloudy / sunny • Windy / calm • Climate… What is it? • Environmental conditions averaged over many years. • Examples: • Average rainfall • Average daily temperature

  4. Questions to consider. • What is the weather for today? • What is the climate of the Fredericton area if you had to describe it to someone? • List 5 decisions that you have had to make in the past year that has depended on the weather.

  5. Weather and Climate • Below are some variables used to describe weather and climate: • Temperature • Wind Speed and Direction • Visibility • Cloud cover • Atmospheric Pressure • Dew Point • Humidity

  6. Formation of Weather and Climate Now some questions for you to think about… I’ll read the question to you and then ask you what the first thing is you think about… • Now that you have an idea what weather is, can you tell me if the weather is the same here as it is in Saint John? Why not? • Geographically, how is Saint John different than Fredericton? • Would any of these geographical features affect the weather in that area? If so which ones and how?

  7. Here are the facts Components that influence weather and climate include: • Latitude and Longitude • Atmosphere • Oceans • Land Masses

  8. Influences on Weather and Climate • Components that influence weather and climate include: • Latitude and Longitude • Atmosphere (later) • Oceans (later) • Land Masses (later)

  9. Longitude (Meridians) – Sketch this • Angle of measure east or west of the Prime Meridian • Imaginary vertical lines Label on Your Map • Prime Meridian 0o (Greenwich, England) • International Dateline 180o

  10. Latitude (Parallels) • Angle of measure north or south of the Equator • Imaginary horizontal lines Label on Your Map: (BLM 13.1A) • Equator 0o • North Pole 90oN • South Pole 90oS • Arctic Circle 67.5oN • Antarctic Circle 67.5oS • Tropic of Cancer 23.5oN • Tropic of Capricorn 23.5oS

  11. Earth’s Rotation and Revolution • Rotation (24 hours) • The Earth rotates on its axis • The axis (imaginary line) runs North to South • 23.5o angle • One Earth rotation takes one day • Rotate West to East (towards the East)

  12. Revolution (365 Days) • The Earth revolves around the Sun • The movement of one object traveling around another • It takes the earth one year to revolve (travel) around the Sun counter clockwise Any ideas as to how earth’s tilt towards or away from the sun can effect the 4 season’s we experience here in Canada??

  13. Mapping Activity • Short Worksheet – • Part A: students to determine latitude and longitude of a location • Part B: students to determine location based on latitude and longitude.

  14. Bill Nye: Seasons • Video • Handout: Seasons Worksheet (24 min)

  15. Reason for the Seasons • The average tilt, 23.5o, of the Earth is the reason for the seasons) • As the Earth revolves around the Sun, the seasons in the northern and southern hemispheres are opposite.

  16. Earth’s Seasons • Tilt of the Earth’s axis towards or away from the sun creates the seasons SUMMER (Northern Hemisphere) When the north pole tilts toward thesun, it gets more radiation – more warmth during the summer. North Pole Equator Earth South Pole When the north pole tilts toward thesun, the south pole tilts away So when it’s summer in the north, it’s winter in the south. WINTER (Southern Hemisphere)

  17. Earth’s Seasons • Tilt of the Earth’s axis towards or away from the sun creates the seasons WINTER (Northern Hemisphere) When the north pole tilts away from the sun, it gets less radiation – So it’s colder during the winter. North Pole Equator Earth South Pole When the north pole tilts away from thesun, the south pole tilts toward it… When it’s winter in the north, it’s summer in the south. SUMMER (Southern Hemisphere)

  18. Reason for the Season: The Earth’s Tilt 1. Why is the tilt of the earth the cause for the seasons? A. Seasons are not connected to Earth's distance from the Sun - our northern winter takes place when the Earth is actually closest to the Sun - but due to the fact that the Earth's axis is tilted away perpendicular to the ecliptic, winter takes place. • The greater the angle, the less energy transferred.

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