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Reproduction

Reproduction. Asexual Reproduction. _____ Parent No union of gametes Offspring genetically _______ to parents (“clone”) Offspring results from _________ cell division Don’t need to search for mate No special reproductive cells or organs needed

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Reproduction

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  1. Reproduction

  2. Asexual Reproduction • _____ Parent • No union of gametes • Offspring genetically _______ to parents (“clone”) • Offspring results from _________ cell division • Don’t need to search for mate • No special reproductive cells or organs needed • Used in many protists, simple animals and many plants

  3. Binary Fission • Parent organism divides in half by mitosis • Cytoplasm ____________ • Ex: bacteria, algae, protozoa http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DY9DNWcqxI4&safe=active

  4. Remember the Phases of Mitosis? • # of chromosomes in parent and daughter cells is the same • Interphase • Prophase • _________ • Anaphase • Telophase

  5. Animal vs. Plant Cell Mitosis

  6. Cancer • Uncontrolled rapid mitotic cell division

  7. Budding • Parent organism ______ ____________________ • Cytoplasm __________ divided • New individuals develop as a small outgrowth or bud in outer surface of organism • Ex: yeast, hydra

  8. Sporulation • Single specialized cells produced by one parent germinate and grow • Ex: • __________, _________

  9. Regeneration • Ability of an organism to re-grow lost body parts • Usually found in __________ that have more undifferentiated cells than vertebrates • Ex: • Planeria cut in half, starfish, earthworm, lizard can escape from predator by losing its tail when caught

  10. Asexual Plant Reproduction • Most plants reproduce sexually using seeds • Many also reproduce asexually by means of roots, stems and leaves • This is called _________________________ • Creates new plants genetically _______ to parent http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=drcnTg7ZCoc&safe=active

  11. Bulbs • Enlarged underground stems • Small new bulbs will sprout along side of main bulb and ____________ • Ex: daffodils, tulips, onions, garlic

  12. Tubers • Enlarged part of underground stems • Have “___” which are tiny buds • Ex: potatoes • If potato is cutup, each new piece containing an eye can develop into a new plant

  13. Runners • Stems that grow sideways _____ the ground • Where it touches ground, roots grow, creating a new plant • Ex: strawberry

  14. Rhizomes • Stem grows sideways _____________ • Enlarged areas called _______ produce buds that grow upwards to form new plants • Ex: bamboo, ginger

  15. Artificial Vegetative Propagation • Allow farmers to grow plants with desired traits exactly like parent and faster than from seeds • Helpful is quickly propagating plants with a __________________ • Ex: Can produce different varieties of apples from the same tree • Plants bearing ____________ can only be propagated this way • Ex: seedless oranges and watermelons

  16. Cuttings: • _____, _____ or ____ used to produce new individual • Ex: African violets

  17. Layering: • stem bent over _____________ and develop roots

  18. Grafting: • remove stem or bud from one plant and ___ ___________________ ________ • “Scion” as attached to “stock” plant but keeps it’s own genetic characteristics

  19. Vegetative Propagation: Asexual Plant Reproduction • http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/asexual-plant-reproduction-vegetative-propagation-and-bulbs.html • Asexual Reproduction Song • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z7I0mw4ZDJA&safe=active

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