1 / 32

Animal Behavior

Animal Behavior. Chapter 39. Behavior (Ethology). Action carried out by muscles or glands under control of the nervous system in response to a stimulus Helps to acquire nutrients for digestion and find a partner for sexual reproduction

purity
Télécharger la présentation

Animal Behavior

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Animal Behavior Chapter 39

  2. Behavior (Ethology) • Action carried out by muscles or glands under control of the nervous system in response to a stimulus • Helps to acquire nutrients for digestion and find a partner for sexual reproduction • Contributes to homeostasis (ex bees huddling to provide warmth) • Behaviorphysiologybehavior • Subject to natural selection

  3. Ethology • Scientific study of animal behavior • Niko Tinbergen-4 questions • What stimulus elicits behavior and what physiology forms response? • How does experience affect it? • How does it aid in survival and rep? • What is its evolutionary history?

  4. Proximate/Ultimate causation • What is the mechanism? • Why is it good for species? • Ex. Bluegill • Ex. Red crowned cranes

  5. Fixed Action Pattern • Type of behavior directly linked to simple stimulus-trigger called sign stimulus

  6. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vUNZv-ByPkU

  7. Oriented Movement • Kinesis-change in activity or turning rate • Taxis-movement toward or away from a stimulus

  8. Migration-regular, long distance change in location Heads have bits of magnetite –so Earth’s magnetic field pulls on them Photoreceptors are affected by magnetic field

  9. Behavioral Rhythms • Circadian Clock-24 hour cycle • Circannual rhythms-yearly cycle • Usually controlled by periods of daylight and dark • But some-lunar cycle

  10. Signals and communication • Visual • Chemical • Tactile • Auditory • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zXXqQ2zJVMA

  11. Bee DanceRound and Waggle • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vaszh2bY3mc

  12. Pheromones • Chemicals • Short distance • Queen Bee • Warning

  13. Innate Behavior • Developmentally fixed

  14. Learned behavior • Habituation-loss of responsiveness to stimuli that carries little new info

  15. Imprinting • Long lasting response to individual or object-occurs during sensitive period

  16. Konrad Lorenz

  17. Spatial Learning • Memory that reflects environment-Tinbergen • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EXLigFEri98

  18. Cognitive Maps • Representation in nervous system of the spatial relationships in surroundings • Ex. Nutcracker • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HIJVYWvMBis

  19. Associative learning • Associate one feature with another • Ex. Mouse bites distasteful caterpillar-won’t attack those of similar color

  20. Classical Conditioning • Arbitrary stimulus becomes associated with a particular outcome • Pavlov’s dogs • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CpoLxEN54ho

  21. Operant conditioning-Trial and Error

  22. Cognition and Problem Solving • Devise a method to go from one state to another and deal with obstacles • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EZSk7oCNaHg

  23. Learned behaviors • Singing in birds-may have to hear songs during sensitive period • Humpback whales • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bAqZpAf0-lc

  24. Nature or Nurture?

  25. Foraging Behavior • Optimal foraging behavior

  26. Mating behavior • Promiscuous • Monogamous • Polygamous • Polyandry • Polygyny

  27. Agonistic interaction

  28. Sexual Dimorphism

  29. Inclusive Fitness • Altruism

  30. YOUR TOPIC GOES HERE • Your Subtopics Go Here

  31. Backdrops: - These are full sized backdrops, just scale them up! - Can be Copy-Pasted out of Templates for use anywhere! www.animationfactory.com

More Related