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Chapter 12 Section 4

Chapter 12 Section 4. The Spread of Protestantism and the Catholic Response. Objectives:. Explain the events leading to the Zwinglian Reformation Analyze the foundation of Calvinism and its spread throughout Europe. The Zwinglian Reformation.

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Chapter 12 Section 4

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  1. Chapter 12Section 4 The Spread of Protestantism and the Catholic Response

  2. Objectives: • Explain the events leading to the Zwinglian Reformation • Analyze the foundation of Calvinism and its spread throughout Europe

  3. The Zwinglian Reformation • Ulrich Zwingli: priest in Zurich who introduced reforms. • abolished relics and removed decorations from the church. • As his movement spread, he sought an alliance between Martin Luther and German reformers. • Both Swiss and German reformers believed they need to unify against Catholic reformers, but were unable to agree of the meaning of the sacrament of communion. • Page 994- Primary Source

  4. October 1531 war broke out between the Protestant and Catholic states in Switzerland. • Zwingli was killed, and leadership of Protestantism was passed to John Calvin.

  5. Ulrich Zwingli

  6. John Calvin

  7. Calvin and Calvinism • Educated in France, but forced to flee after converting to Protestantism. • 1536- Published the Institute of the Christian Religion • Stood close to Luther on many doctrines, but believed in the all-powerful nature of God. • This belief led him to the idea of predestination, that God determined in advance who would be saved. • Calvin called this the “eternal decree” of an all-powerful God.

  8. In 1536 Calvin began working to reform the city of Geneva. • Created a Consistory that was 1. set up to oversee Genevans’ moral life and doctrinal purity 2. Operate as a court 3. Punish those who misbehave By the mid 16th century, Calvinism had replaced Lutheranism as the most dynamic form of Protestantism.

  9. Closure: • Board Summary: What did you learn today?

  10. Objectives: • Evaluate King Henry VIIIs role in the Reformation in England • Analyze the impact of the Anabaptists • Compare and Contrast the transformative aspects of the Reformation to the role of women in Society

  11. The Reformation in England • Reformation began in politics, not religion. • King Henry VIII wanted to divorce his first wife, Catherine of Aragon (who he had a daughter Mary with) and marry Anne Boleyn. • He was impatient with the popes unwillingness to annul, or declare his marriage invalid. • Archbishop of Canterbury declared marriage null and void, Anne was crowned queen and gave birth to a girl, who would become Elizabeth I

  12. Henry VIII

  13. In 1534 Parliament moved to break with the Catholic Church. • Henry beheaded Thomas More, a Christian humanist, who opposed his action. • He also dissolved Catholic monasteries.

  14. Henry died in 1547, succeeded by his nine year old son Edward VI. • Mary came to the throne in 1553. • Mary was a Catholic Queen, and wanted it restored. • Had over three hundred Protestants burned as heretics.

  15. Mary I

  16. The Anabaptists • Many reformers gave power to the state. Those who believed in separation of Church and state were Anabaptists. • Believed the true Christian church was adult believers, and practiced adult baptism. • They were regarded as dangerous radicals.

  17. Effects on the Role of Women • The family was the center of life, and clergy could marry. • A women was to be obedient to her husband and bear children. • The reformation did not change the lives of women.

  18. The Catholic Reformation • The Catholic Church had a revitalization in the 16th century. • Supported by chief pillars: the Jesuits, reforms of the papacy, and the Council of Trent • Society of Jesus, known as the Jesuits, was formed by Ignatius Loyola. • Made vows of absolute obedience to the pope. • Used education to spread their mission.

  19. Pope Paul III formed a reform commission in 1537 to discover the Church’s ills. • Also began the Council of Trent. • March 1545 a group of officials met in Trent and would meet on and off for the next 18 years. • Reaffirmed traditional Catholic teachings and established clear doctrines.

  20. What did you learn today?

  21. Homework: • Page 401 1,2,4-6 • Study for Quiz

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