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Chapter 12: Section 4

Chapter 12: Section 4. The End of Reconstruction. A Sharecropper’s Voice. What do you think about Odell McNeal’s story about life as a sharecropper? How did his family get tricked into working on another plantation? Do you think that education is a pathway to freedom?

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Chapter 12: Section 4

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  1. Chapter 12: Section 4 The End of Reconstruction

  2. A Sharecropper’s Voice • What do you think about Odell McNeal’s story about life as a sharecropper? • How did his family get tricked into working on another plantation? • Do you think that education is a pathway to freedom? • Was Mr. McNeal’s father threatened? • How did Mr. McNeal describe the amount of supplies given to him and his family? • What is your perspective on “sharecropping” after this video?

  3. Key Terms • Ku Klux Klan • The Enforcement Act of 1870 • “Solid South” • The Compromise of 1877

  4. Terror in the South • The Ku Klux Klan, formed in 1865 in Pulaski, TN. • Formed as a secret society by ex-Confederate soldiers. • Goal was to remove Republicans from the South and enforce white dominance over freedmen. • Nathan Bedford Forest was elected as the first Grand Wizard of the Ku Klux Klan • How could racial violence in the South hurt Democrats?

  5. Federal Response to Terror • Congress passed anti-Klan legislation in 1870 and 1871. • Enforcement Act of 1870 – helped to protect peoples’ right to vote from violent force and threats • Although thousands were arrested it proved difficult to get a conviction of someone. What does this show us about the southern perspective of the Ku Klux Klan? • Who is going to protect them? • What do you think happened when they began to withdraw?

  6. The End is Near • Grant’s Presidency was marred with corruption by members in his cabinet. • How would this effect Republican support? • Reconstruction was expensive in an effort to develop infrastructure in the South. • Taxing and spending put the nation into an economic downturn. • Violence began to become more prevalent as the military withdrew. • Democrats slowly returned to power. • Start to form the “Solid South”

  7. The Supreme Court and Reconstruction • The Supreme Court played a role in finishing Reconstruction. • Rulings narrowed the scope of the 14th and 15th amendments. • States had the authority on civil rights for their citizens. • How is this going to affect the effectiveness of the government to protect these legislations?

  8. The End of Reconstruction • The Presidential Election of 1876: Republican Rutherford B. Hayes and Democrat Samuel Tilden. • Congress organized a commission to resolve the close election. Hayes ruled the winner. • Democrats had gained enough power to challenge the ruling and make a deal. • The Compromise of 1877 – Hayes would win, but he had to remove federal troops from the South and give money for further infrastructure developments in the South • No more civil rights legislation.

  9. Was Reconstruction a failure or a success? • Which leaders had the best and most realistic understanding of what was needed? • How did the results of Reconstruction shape the politics of the reconstructed states and the nation at large?

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