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Understanding the -Um Verb in Tagalog: Structure, Use, and Commands

Explore the -um verb in Tagalog, which highlights the actor as the focus of a sentence. This guide explains the infixation of -um in verbs, its consistent usage across commands and completed actions, and the structure of sentences. Learn to give positive and negative commands such as "Tumayo ka!" (You stand up!) and "Huwag kang tumayo!" (Don't stand up!). Additionally, discover how to create questions and statements in the completed aspect. Enhance your Tagalog skills with effective verb usage in communication.

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Understanding the -Um Verb in Tagalog: Structure, Use, and Commands

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  1. The -Um Verb An actor Focus Verb

  2. The -um Verb • Indicates that the actor or doer of the action is the topic/focus of the sentence • -um is infixed before the first vowel of the verb root. • Upo - umupo • tayo - tumayo

  3. Notes about -Um • Um verbs have the same form to express both command and the completed aspect (past tense) • Command: • Tumayo ka! You stand up! • Tumayo siya. She/He stood up.

  4. Giving Commands • Positive Command • Verb + ang pronoun • Tumayo ka! • Negative Command • Huwag +ang pronoun+-ng + -um verb • Huwag kang tumayo!

  5. Sentence Structure • Ba question • kumain ka ba? • Completed Aspect/Past Statement • Oo, kumain ako. • Hindi, hindi ako kumain • Ano ang ginawa mo? • Sumayaw ako.

  6. Ano ang ginawa ni Ben? • Lumabas siya. • Ano ang ginawa nina Tim at Don? • Tumakbo sila sa labas. • Ano ang ginawa ng estudyante? • Bumasa siya ng Tagalog

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