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Formal commands

Formal commands. To tell someone you address as usted to do something, use formal commands. To form them, replace the final -o of the yo form with -e for -ar verbs and -a for -er and -ir verbs. Formal commands. comprar: yo compr o comer: yo com o abrir: yo abr o.

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Formal commands

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  1. Formal commands

  2. To tell someone you address as usted to do something, use formal commands. • To form them, replace the final -o of the yo form with -e for -ar verbs and -a for -er and -ir verbs. Formal commands comprar: yo compro comer: yo como abrir: yo abro no compre(don’t buy) compre(buy) no coma(don’t eat) coma(eat) abra(open) no abra(don’t open) Abra la ventana, por favor. Open the window, please.

  3. Verbs ending in -car, -gar, -zar, -ger, and -guir have spelling changes in their formal command forms. Spelling changes sacar: saque (take out) no saque (don’t take out) llegar: llegue (arrive) no llegue (don’t arrive) (don’t organize) organizar: organice (organize) no organice recoja (pick up) no recoja recoger: (don’t pick up) seguir (i): siga (keep going) no siga (don’t keep going) No llegue tarde. Don’t arrive late.

  4. To tell two or more people to do or not to do something, add -nto the formal command form. Plural (Uds.) forms of commands Muchachos, abran la ventana, por favor. Ramón y Alfredo, no vean tanta televisión.

  5. Some verbs have irregular formal command forms. Irregular formal commands usted ustedes (don't) give dar: (no) dé (no) den (don't) be (no) sean ser: (no) sea (no) vayan (no) vaya (don't) go ir: saber: (don’t) know (no) sepan (no) sepa estar: (no) esté (no) estén (don’t) be

  6. For positive commands: attach to end, add accent (count 3 vowels back): • LevánteseLevántense • CepílleseCepíllense • LáveseLávense What if there is a pronoun?

  7. For negative commands: pronoun goes before command: • No se levante No se levanten • No se cepille No se cepillen • No se lave No se laven What if there is a pronoun?

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