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Understanding Lewis Dot Diagrams and the Basics of Acids and Bases

This resource provides a comprehensive overview of Lewis Dot Diagrams, which are symbolic representations of valence electrons in atoms, including rules for their construction. Learn through examples featuring elements like oxygen, phosphorus, carbon, and neon. Additionally, the guide explores the concept of acids and bases, highlighting the roles of hydronium and hydroxide ions, their relationship with water, and the pH scale. Discover how to identify acids and bases by their ion concentrations and understand everyday examples.

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Understanding Lewis Dot Diagrams and the Basics of Acids and Bases

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  1. Supplemental Information Lewis Dot Diagrams and Acids & Bases

  2. H Cl Lewis Dot Diagrams • A symbolic way to represent the number of valence electrons that an atom contains.

  3. Lewis Dot Diagram – Rules • Write the symbol • Determine the number of valence electrons • Group the first pair of electrons together on the left of the symbol. • Spread out the remaining electrons until needing to pair them up.

  4. Lewis Dot Diagrams • Examples • Oxygen • Phosphorus • Carbon • Neon

  5. Acids and Bases • Based on two very reactive ions • H3O+ • Hydronium ion • OH- • Hydroxide ion • Relationship with water (H2O)

  6. Acids and Bases • Acids • A substance with excess hydronium ions • Bases • A substance with excess hydroxide ions

  7. pH Scale • A measure of the hydronium ion concentration in a solution. 0 -----------------------7----------------------14 Acidic Neutral Basic Battery Acid Apple Juice Pure Water Hand Soap Drain Cleaner

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