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European Synchrotron Radiation Facility

European Synchrotron Radiation Facility. CEA. INPG. CNRS. Schneider. ISN. ST. IBS. ILL. EMBL. ESRF. Cooperation between 19 countries. Budget breakdown % France 27,5 Germany 25,5 Italy 15 United Kingdom 14 Spain 4 Switzerland 4 Benesync 6 (Belgium, Pays-Bas) Nordsync 4

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European Synchrotron Radiation Facility

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  1. European Synchrotron Radiation Facility CEA INPG CNRS Schneider ISN ST IBS ILL EMBL ESRF

  2. Cooperation between 19 countries Budget breakdown % France 27,5 Germany 25,5 Italy 15 United Kingdom 14 Spain 4 Switzerland 4 Benesync 6 (Belgium, Pays-Bas) Nordsync 4 (Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden) Scientific partners : Portugal 1 Israel 1 Austria 1 Poland 1 Centralsync 1,05 (Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovakia) The ESRF is a French company financed by 19 countries. Annual budget : 80 MEuro.

  3. Materials Science Biology Environmentscience Physics Medicine Chemistry At the service of scientific research … Several thousand researchers per year

  4. In collaboration with the public sector As proprietary research … and industrial research

  5. Synchrotrons in the world

  6. Synchrotrons in the world

  7. Synchrotrons in the world

  8. The synchrotron

  9. Insertion Devices (undulators) Bending magnet Focusing magnets The storage ring

  10. Electron bunch Synchrotron Light Emission spectrum Number of photons Wavelength (Å) Electrons Bending magnet X-ray tubes Sun Energy Bending magnet

  11. 1 Bending magnet 2 Wiggler Brilliance (photons/s/mm²/mrad²/0.1%BW) 3 Undulator Electrons Energy (keV) Insertion devices

  12. Free electron lasers Brilliance (photons/s/mm2/mrad2/0.1%BW) Diffraction limit ESRF (future) 3rd generation ESRF (2000) ESRF (1994) Synchrotron radiation 2nd generation 1st generation X-ray tubes 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 Years Brilliance • Remarkable properties • of synchrotron light • Brilliance • Coherence • Pulsed emission (duration of a flash : 100 ps) • In addition : • Flux • Polarisation • Beam stability

  13. Beamline Storage ring Optics cabin Experiments cabin Control room

  14. Monochromator Mirror Optics

  15. Experiment Detector Diffractometer

  16. crystal Bragg’s law : 2 d sinθ = nλ l : wavelength θ : incident angle d : distance between 2 atomic planes n : integer detector X-ray diffraction by a crystal First X-ray diagram obtained by Max von Laue in 1912 X-ray beam

  17. 3D structure Diffraction pattern Electron density cloud An example : protein crystallography Protein crystallisation

  18. Inelastic scattering The techniques : light-matter interaction Fluorescence Spectroscopie d’absorption Absorption spectroscopy Photoemission Microscopy Imaging Electron Transmission absorption Incident beam Elastic scattering/ diffraction échantillon sample Changement d’énergie Change in energy Environment: - Temperature (oven, cryostat) - Pressure (mbar – Mbar) - Magnetic field

  19. Beamlines absorption spectroscopy X-ray standing waves powder diffraction anomalous scattering spectroscopy on ultra diluted samplessi small angle scattering multi-use surface diffraction dispersive EXAFS protein crystallographye optics microfluorescence X-ray microscopy gamma spectroscopy magnetic scattering microtomographye- topography dultra-fast scattering/ high pressure nuclear spectroscopy materials science medical circular polarisation inelastic scattering microbeam high energy protein crystallography

  20. Medicine Angiography, an imaging technique for visualising coronaries. Angiography carried out at the synchrotron gives better results than conventional hospital techniques. • Other medical applications • Tomography • Mammography • Medical radiotherapy

  21. Pharmaceutical • Construction • Cosmetics • Plastics • Microelectronics • Chemistry Industrial research

  22. Learn from imperfections and limitation Develop TANGO Accelerator control system • Largely distributed • 150 computers • 1500 servers • 14000 devices • 200000 configuration parameters (Properties or resources) • Long experience with first implementation (TACO)

  23. Control system layers Display layer (15 hosts) Linux worstations few Windows PC Mirrored Disk array Disk server Process layer (20 hosts) Solaris + Linux servers (aries,etc…) Windows servers Hardware control layer (110 hosts) VME, PCs, Linux, Windows Field layer Fbus,Dedicated systems Wago, G64, Liberas, PLC…

  24. Accelerator control system Rest of the world • Network infrastructure Rest of the ESRF Firewall Router CTRM network Routers technical network WiFi network Technical gallerie technical network technical network technical networks

  25. Synchronization and timingThe constraints • RF at 352.2 Mhz • 992 periods in the storage ring • 352 periods in the booster • Revolution period 2.8 Micro sec (SR) • 1 Micro sec (Booster) • Distance between bunchs: 2.8 nano • Size of one bunch 50 Ps • Synchronization bunch by bunch • Electron gun, kickers, beamlines ….

  26. Timing system

  27. Accelerator + Beamlines Accelerator Control system One large system requests Read of parameters Contol insertion devices Opening/closing frontend beamline Control system 40 small systems beamline Control system beamline Control system beamline Control system beamline Control system beamline Control system beamline Control system beamline Control system beamline Control system beamline Control system beamline Control system beamline Control system

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