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Enhancing Solid State Drive Performance & Lifetime with Flash Memory Architecture

Explore the architecture and benefits of SSDs, NAND memory functions, integrated lifetime management, target SSD architecture, and results achieved. Reference the latest advancements in flash memory technology for SSDs. Learn to optimize SSD performance and longevity.

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Enhancing Solid State Drive Performance & Lifetime with Flash Memory Architecture

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  1. IEE5011 –Autumn 2013Memory SystemsSolid State Drive with Flash Memory Wei-Shen, Hsu Department of Electronics Engineering National Chiao Tung University wilson79114@Hotmail.com

  2. Outline • Introduction • An Overview of SSD Drive • The Architecture of SSD • The Benefit of SSD Drive • Flash Memory Storage Medium • Flash Memory • NAND Memory Operational Functions • NAND Memory Management Operation • Integrated Lifetime Management • Target SSD Architecture • Results • Reference

  3. Introduction Why SSD?

  4. An Overview of SSD Drive (1/3) • SSD • electrically, mechanically, and software compatible • DRAM-Based SSDs • volatile memory • Flash-Based SSDs • non-volatile memory

  5. An Overview of SSD Drive (2/3) • The Architecture of SSD • Array of Flash Memory • Micro-Controller • Memory Bus Data • I/O Interface

  6. An Overview of SSD Drive (3/3) • The benefit of SSD drive • Without Moving Mechanical Components • Platters • Read/Write Head • Spindle Motor • Silent Operation

  7. Flash Memory Storage Medium (1/5) • NOR Flash • Pros: random data accessibility, faster reading capability • Cons: writing and erasing data • NAND Flash • Pros: large storage capacity, storing and erasing data • Cons: random data accessing

  8. Flash Memory Storage Medium (2/5) • NAND Memory • Memory array • I/O buffer • Page • Main storage area • Spare area

  9. Flash Memory Storage Medium (3/5) • NAND Memory Operational Functions • Read : fetch the required data • Write : 1 → 0 • Erase:0 → 1 • Three Phases: setup, busy, and data transfer

  10. Flash Memory Storage Medium (4/5) • Three Access Operations Phases • SetupPhase • determine a targeted page address • Busy Phase • loading the required data into the I/O buffer • Data Transfer Phase • sequentially fetch data

  11. Flash Memory Storage Medium (5/5) • NAND Memory Management Operation • Out-Place Updating • the newest updated data is written to some available free page • Garbage Collection • change the dead pages into free pages • Wear-Levelling • control the block erasing operation to increase the block lifetime

  12. Target SSD Architecture • Lifetime-Enhancement Techniques • Lossless Compression • Data Deduplication • Performance Throttling

  13. Integrated Lifetime Management (1/4) • Integration of Individual Lifetime-Enhancement Schemes • interval-based approach • enable or disable each lifetime-enhancement scheme

  14. Integrated Lifetime Management (2/4) Deduplication

  15. Integrated Lifetime Management (3/4) • Lossless Compression • Compression Chunk

  16. Integrated Lifetime Management (4/4) • Performance Throttling • Delay write operations • determines a throttling delay • regulates the write speed of SSDs

  17. Results Throttling and Integrated that employ performance throttling can guarantee the 5-year SSD lifetime.

  18. Reference A. R.Rahiman and P. Sumari, "Solid State Disk: A New Storage Device for Video Storage Server, " in ITSim 2008 of International Symposium on Information Technology, 2008. Sungjin Lee, Taejin Kim, Ji-Sung Park, and Jihong Kim, "An Integrated Approach for Managing the Lifetime of Flash-Based SSDs," in Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE), 2013.  W.G. Aref, I. Kamel, and S. Ghandeharizadeh, "Disk scheduling in video editing systems," IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, vol. 13, pp. 933-950, 2011. D. Reinsel, J. Janukowicz, and R. Perry, "Replacing HDDs with SSDs: The Business Case for Transition," 2007. F. Chen, T. Luo, and X. Zhang, "CAFTL: A Content-Aware Flash Translation Layer Enhancing the Lifespan of Flash Memory Based Solid State Drives," in Proceedings of the USENIX Conference on File and Storage Technologies, 2011. Y. Park and J.-S. Kim, "Compression Support for Flash Translation Layer," in Proceedings of the International Workshop on Software Support for Portable Storage, 2010. 1.-D. Kang, 1.-S. Kim, C. Park, H. Park, and 1. Lee, "A multi-channel architecture for high-performance NAND flash-based storage system," Journal of Systems Architecture, vol. 53, pp. 644-658, 2007. S. Lee, T. Kim, K. Kim, and J. Kim, "Lifetime Management of Flash-Based SSDs Using Recovery-Aware Dynamic Throttling," in Proceedings of the USENIX Conference on File and Storage Technologies, 2012. http://www.topology.com.tw/report/reportcontent.asp?id=445TFSVQESCS9K2GX86GCV8NA5

  19. Thank you for your attention

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