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Curvature Wavefront Sensor Arbitrary Waveform Generator

This project explores the integration of an Arbitrary Waveform Generator (AWG) into the Subaru Telescope's adaptive optics (AO) system to mitigate atmospheric distortion of light. By utilizing a wavefront sensor and a comprehensive design flow with DACs and FPGAs, the AWG aims to enhance image resolution significantly. The AWG will operate across a frequency range of 100 Hz to 4 kHz, updating waveforms at 10 Hz with a resolution of 14 bits. This innovation intends to improve astronomical imaging and bring celestial bodies into sharper focus.

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Curvature Wavefront Sensor Arbitrary Waveform Generator

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  1. Curvature Wavefront Sensor Arbitrary Waveform Generator Kenyan Kawauchi Subaru Telescope (NAOJ) Mentor: Stephen Colley

  2. Subaru Adaptive Optics Without AO With AO Earth’s atmosphere distorts light Removes effects of atmospheric distortion Telescope images blurred Image resolution improved

  3. AO System Components

  4. Wavefront Sensor Visible light reflects off one side of membrane APDs count photons in each lenslet Measure light intensity Calculate wavefront phase shift

  5. What vibrates membrane? Other side of membrane

  6. Problem

  7. Solution • Design your own AWG! • Use DAC40 board • Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) • Digital-to-Analog Converters (DACs)

  8. AWG Specification • Range of period – 100 Hz to 4 kHz • Number of points – 1000 • Voltage resolution – 14 bits (DAC40 DACs) • Update rate for new waveforms – 0.1 seconds (10 Hz) Voltage Amplitude Time

  9. Logic Block Diagram AWG Timing Memory A B

  10. Implement using Quartus II

  11. Design Flow Design Entry (VHDL) Compilation Simulation Program Device

  12. Simulate Design Design Entry (VHDL) Compilation Simulation Program Device

  13. Conclusion Dual-stroke waveform concept • Efficient – Only 1 wavefront sensor • Astronomical objects appear 2.5X brighter In the Future • Interface DAC40 to oscilloscope • Test AWG • Implement in next generation AO system

  14. Acknowledgements • Stephen Colley • Olivier Guyon – Subaru Astronomer • Hideki Takami – AO Project Manager • Subaru Telescope (NAOJ) • Center for Adaptive Optics • Funding provided through the Center for Adaptive Optics, a National Science Foundation Science and Technology Center (STC), AST-987683

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