Breeds of Livestock

1. Breeds of Livestock

2. Sheep Delaine-Marino Rambouillet Suffolk Hampshire Shropshire Southdown Dorset Cheviot Columbia Corriedale Barbados Blackbelly Dorper Katahdin St. Croix

3. Delaine-Merino • Origin Spain • Hardy long lived gregarious, & adapted to usassisted lambing. • Adaptable to warm climates & under relatively poor feeding conditions • Med size & moderate growth rate • Highest quality & finest fleeces • Fine wool breed

4. Rambouillet Sheep • Origin in France • Descended from Spanish Merino • Dominate commercial range sheep industry • ~50% of all sheep in US carry some Rambouillet breeding • Adaptable to various climates & forage conditions • Large, rugged fast growing, long lived, gregarious sheep • Acceptable meat conformation • Females are polled but males usually have long spiral horns • Produce fine-quality fleeces with long staple, fair density, good uniformity & moderate shrinkage.

6. Suffolk Sheep Suffolk county, England Southdown X Norfolk Highly adapted to farm-flock production Produce high quality, heavy-muscled carcasses Noted for alertness & active dispostion Unsurpassed as a grazer & rustler Ewes are excellent mothers Highest # of registered sheep in US Solid black head and legs

8. Hampshire Sheep Origin in England Southdown X Cotswold X Wiltshire & Berkshire Knot Ectensively used for crossbred lamb production Renowned for rapid growth rate & excellent meat-type Ewes good milkers with good maternal instincts Have wool-cap on forehead and wool on legs Medium wool breed

9. Shropshire Sheep Orginated in western England Excellent utility breed in farm flock operations Noted for good crossing ablity Hardy, early-maturing, long lived, prolific, easy lambers, good milkers, & good mothers. Produce meaty, heavy musceled carcasses at light weights More wool on head and legs that Hamps Originally smaller than Hamps Medium wood breed

10. Southdown Sheep Origin in England Oldest & smallest of Down breeds Early maturing Adapable to varied & wet climates Noted for ability to produce very heavy-muscled carcasses Mouse brown on muzzle and legs Black nose and hooves Short ears w/ wool Medium wool breed

11. Dorset Sheep • Origin in southern England • Is not a down breed • Both horned and polled strains • Hardy and long lived • Out of season breeders • Can produce more than 1 lamb crop per year. • Noted for prolificacy & heavy milk production • White head and legs • Pink nose and white hooves • Medium wool

13. Cheviot Sheep Origin in Scotland Developed for hardiness, viratliy, ablility to withstant very cold climates and heavy snow. Easy lambers/good mothers with exceptional maternal instincts Small breed with rapid growth rates Do not herd well-not gregarious Very erect ears White face and legs Black nose and hooves Contributed to several composite breeds

15. Columbia Sheep First breed developed in US 1912 WY Lincoln X Rambouillet Hardy sheep, adapted for use on better ranges in western US Ewes are prolific, good mothers Lambs are acceptable meat type Both sexes are polled and posses good herding instinct White face and legs Pink nose and white hooves Medium wool

16. Corriedale Sheep Origin in New Zealand Lincoln & Leicester rams X Merino ewes Gregarious & early maturing Highly efficient Mid-length breeding season Good prolificacy & milking ability Med to large is size Wool noted for exceptional length, brightness, softness, & distinctive crimp Black nose and hooves Medium wool

17. Barbados Blackbelly Sheep • Origins in Africa • Introduced to Caribbean region in 1500’s • Resistant to parasites • Tolerates low-grade forage • Used for brush control • Out of season breeder • Hair sheep

18. Dorper Sheep Origin in South Africa Blackhead Persian X Dorset Highly fertile & very prolific Long breeding season hardy; adaptable to hot, dry, humid, & cold conditions Non-selective grazers Lamps have a rapid growth rates & yield heavy-muscled carcasses

19. Katahdin Sheep Originated in Maine St. Croix X Suffolk X Wiltshire Horn Excellent maternal instincts, prolific, & good milk producers. Usually tolerant to heat and humidity, as well as cold environments Largest of hair-sheep breeds Produce lean, well-muscled carcasses with excellent meat flavor Hair sheep

20. St. Croix Sheep Origin in Virgin Islands Climate adaptable early maturing (puberty at 6-7 months) fertile, and excellent foragers. Docile, calm temperment, with good flocking instincts. Rams have a large throat ruff. Hair sheep

21. Goats Alpine Lamancha Nubian Oberhasli Saanen Toggenburg Angora Boer Spanish

22. Alpine Goat Originated in Alps between Switzerland & France May range in color from pure white to shades of gray, brown, black, or red. Bucks have a patch of long hair along the spine & beards of males are quite pronounced. Ears should be of med. size and erect. Females are excellent milkers, with large, well-shaped udders. Alpine goats are hardy, adaptable animals that thrive in any climate while maintaining excellent health and production.

24. LaMancha Goat • LaMancha goats actually originated from Oregon form Spanish milk goats. • Excellent dairy temperament & is an all-around sturdy animal that can withstand a great deal of hardship & still produce. • 2 types of LaMancha ears. • Gopher ear- Max. length of 1in. but preferably non-existent; end of ear must be turned up or down. • Elf ear- max. 2in. & end of ear must be turned up or turned down.

25. Nubian Goat • Originated in England from crossing British goats with bucks of African & Indian origin. • Takes its name from the Nubia area in northeastern Africa • Is an all-purpose goat (useful for meat, milk, & hide production) • Is not a heavy milker, but has a high avg. butterfat content (4-5%) • Very long pendulous ears that hang close to head. • Forming bell shape • Very distinct nose.

26. Oberhasli Goat Swiss dairy goat that is med. size, vigorous, & alert in appearance. Color is chamois (ranging from a light to a deep red bay) Must have 2 black strips down the face from eye to muzzle & a continuous black stripe along the neck and down the back; legs should be black from the knee/hock down.

27. Saanen Goat Dairy goat orginating in the Saanen Valley of Switzerland Does are heavy milk producers (3-4% butterfat) Saanens are white to light cream Ears are erect and alertly carried (preferably pointing forward) Face should be straight to slightly dished

28. Toggenburg Goat • Another Swiss dairy breed orginated in the Toggenburg valley. • Credited as the olderst known dairy goat breed • Smallest of the Alpine breeds • Solid colored with withre ears with a dark spot in the middle • 2 white stripes down face; hind legs white from hocks to hooves; a white triangle on either side of the tail; forelegs white from knees downward. • Noted for excellent udder development & high milk production

29. Angora Goat • Originated in the district of Angora in Asia Minor prior to early Biblical history • Angora goats produce mohair • Mohair is a much smoother surface & very thin, smooth scale compared to wool. • Market favors very fine hair, normally shorn form young goats. • Angora does are not prolific (60-70% kidding rate) • Delicate animals very susceptible to internal parasites and cold weather

30. Boer Goat Orginated from indigenous goats of the Namaque Hottentots & Bantu tribes in Africa Recently introduced to the US (1990’s) Boer goats are primarly meat goats It is horned with lop ears and shows a variety of colors. Excellent weaning weights Puberty is reached early ~6 months in males and 10 months in females

31. Spanish Goat Brought to US by Coronado, De Soto & other Spanish explorers. Spanish or Brush goats are terms used to describe goats of unknown ancestry. Are the primary source of goat meat.

32. Myotonic Goat Nervous Goats, Wooden-Leg Goats, Scare Goats, Fainting Goats, and Tennessee Fainting Goats Docile temperament Myotoniacongenita leading to stiffness and muscularity Abundance of high quality muscle Good adaptation to low-input forage-based feeding systems All colors are acceptable, all combinations, and all patterns or markings. multi-purpose goat derived from a variety of strains of goats that were originally from Tennessee

34. The stiffness of these goats relates to their myotoniacongenita, which is an essential portion of the breed type. The various levels of stiffness vary. • 1. Never observed to stiffen, but other type traits are consistent as is pedigree. • 2. Very rarely stiffens, never falls. • 3. Stiffens only occasionally, and rarely falls. • 4. Walks normally with no swivel. The rear limbs lock up readily, the forelimbs less so, and goats with this degree of stiffness rarely fall to the ground. • 5. Animal walks relatively normally, although somewhat stiff in rear and with a swivel at the hip. Readily stiffens when startled or stepping over a barrier. • 6. Animal always moves stiffly to some degree, and readily becomes “locked up” when startled or stepping over a low barrier.

36. Pigs Yorkshire Landrace Chester White Duroc Hampshire Pietrain Berkshire Poland China Pig Spotted Poland China Pig Tamworth Pig Hereford Vietnamese Potbelly

37. Yorshire Pig Maternal breed Very large in size White with erect ears Very prolific Excellent mothers Largest # of registers in US Brought to US in 1830 & breed society est. in 1883.

38. Landrace Pig Extremely long bodied White in color w/ large drooping ears set close to head Sows very prolific Heavy milkers Satisfactory mothers Brought to US in 1934

39. Chester White Pig White w/ small droopy ears Very hardy Efficient gainers Produce excellent carcass composition Prolific Bad mothers Originated in Chester County, Penn

40. Duroc Pig Can be a wide variety of red colors Droopy ears Excellent carcass composition and quality Good growth rate Cross between the Berkshire and the Jersey Reds 2nd highest # in registrations. Originated in Eastern US developed in NY

41. Hampshire Pig Black with white belly Erect ears Noted for foraging ability, hardy vigor & carcass composition. Oldest original early American Breen of swine 1st recognized in Kentucky 4th highest in # registered

42. Pietrain Pig White w/ black spots Lights pigmentation around spots Erect ears/ med size Excellent carcass composition Quick maturating & slow growing Brought to US to improve carcass traits for the health conscience consumers.

43. Berkshire Pig Multipurpose breed Black w/ erect ears/ 6 white points Good mothers Growth efficient Excellent carcass quality 3rd highest in # registered Brought to US in 1823

44. Poland China Pig Black with 6 white points Droopy ears Very prolific Rugged but quiet in disposition Marked at the poorest mothers

45. Spotted Poland China Pig Originated from the Poland China in Ohio Improved feed efficiency, rate of gain, and carcass advantage Adds productivity gentleness and durability.

46. Tamworth Pig Orginated in Ireland Called the Irish Grazer Bacon type carcasses Red in color that varies from golden to deep red Excellent mothers Rugged and thrifty breed.

47. Hereford Pig First developed by R.U. Webber in Missouri Duroc X Chester White Red in color White face At least 2 white legs Fair mothers, good feeders and fatten quickly 1920’s when Hereford strain was developed and registered.

48. Vietnamese Potbelly Pig Average wt. 70-150 lbs. Full grown in 5 years Solid black to white and various spots between Dwarf breed developed in 1960’s 1986 first year to sell in US and became the alternative to dog and cat pets.