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Module 5

Module 5. Map Unit Design Order 2 and 3 Soil Surveys. Objectives. Participants will be able to: Define a map unit according to the National Soil Survey Handbook standards Understand the importance of good map unit design Design and name a provisional map unit in a new area.

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Module 5

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  1. Module 5 Map Unit Design Order 2 and 3 Soil Surveys

  2. Objectives • Participants will be able to: • Define a map unit according to the National Soil Survey Handbook standards • Understand the importance of good map unit design • Design and name a provisional map unit in a new area

  3. NSSH definition: Map unit • Collection of soil areas • Defined and named • Delineated on the map • Differs from all others in the survey area • Uniquely identified • Designed to meet the needs of the user

  4. A well designed map unit : • Has patterns that are consistently associated with features observable on the surface (vegetation, slope gradient and aspect, geomorphic position or others) • Can be consistently delineated by any soil scientist • Decreases the number of observations needed to obtain confidence • Identifies the pattern of occurrence for each component

  5. Terminology • Map unit in NASIS • Map unit in field • Map unit on map • Map unit description (MUD)

  6. Kinds of Map units • Consociation • Dominated by one component • Complexes and Associations • Two or more dissimilar components that occur in a regularly repeating pattern • Major components of a complex cannot be mapped separately at the scale of mapping • Major components of an association can be • Undifferentiated Group • Two or more components that are not each present in every delineation, but have a common feature determining the management

  7. Kinds of Map Units

  8. Consociation - example

  9. Complex - example

  10. Association- example

  11. What are the steps to design? • Know the parameters • Delineate the areas • Define the components • Name the map unit

  12. 1. Know the Parameters • Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) is the guidance document (NSSH 606.04) • Order • Scale of mapping • Base imagery • Size of delineations • Documentation requirements • Conventional and special symbols legend • Interpretive needs of the survey area • USDA programs in the area • Do programs have slope based criteria?

  13. Orders of Soil Survey Soil Order – usually determined by the level of intensity for land use • Order 1 – most intensive, individual building plots • Order 2 – intensive, agricultural and urban planning • Order 3 – extensive, rangeland and community planning • Order 4 – most extensive, general land management

  14. 2. Delineate the Area Partition the landscape by • Landscape • Landform • Geology • Climatic patterns • Slope/aspect • Vegetative patterns • Others Refine the lines through field work Avoid “hole mapping”

  15. 3. Define the Map Unit Components Kinds of Components • Series • Taxadjunct • Miscellaneous Area • Taxonomic category higher than series • Phase components

  16. Miscellaneous Areas • May be common components in some survey areas, so it is important to describe them accurately • Naming conventions follow those given for the four kinds of map units • Have little or no identifiable soil as defined in Soil Taxonomy • Can be natural or result from man’s activities

  17. Miscellaneous Areas- examples Natural: beaches Man-made: quarry

  18. 4. Name the Map Unit See NSSH for naming conventions, but here is an example of each kind: • Consociation: Altaby silt loam • Complex: Altaby-Driggs complex • Association: Altaby-Driggs-Rock outcrop association • Undifferentiated Group: Altaby and Driggs soils

  19. Phases of Map Units See NSSH for phasing guidelines, but here are some examples: • Altaby silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes • Altaby-Driggs complex, 0 to 4 percent slopes, occasionally flooded • Altaby-Driggs-Rock outcrop association, rubbly • Altaby and Driggs soils, cool

  20. Map Unit Design SummarizedOrder 2 Order 3 • Scale • 1:20,000 to 1:63,360 • Example: 1:24,000 • Minimum delineation size • 4 to 40 acres • Example: 5 acres • Mostly associations or complexes, some consociations and undifferentiated groups • Scale • 1:12,000 to 1:31,680 • Example: 1:24,000 • Minimum delineation size • 1.5 to 10 acres • Example: 5 acres • Consociations, complexes; few associations and undifferentiated groups

  21. The Test of a Good Map Unit at Any Order • Does it capture the characteristic signature in the landscape that can be recognized from remote sensing imagery or field observation? • Is your unit recognizable and repeatable by other soil scientists? • Does it meet the objectives of the survey?

  22. Map Unit Naming Activity

  23. Which of the following represent correct naming convention for consociations? • Alpha woody peat • Beta loam, stony, 8 to 15 percent slopes • Gamma gravelly silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes, eroded

  24. Which of the following represent correct naming convention for complexes and associations? • Arksarben complex, 0 to 3 percent slopes • Hollis-Rockoutcrop complex, 20 to 40 percent slopes • Alpha-Beta families, complex, 10 to 20 percent slopes • Beta-Theta association, very rocky

  25. Which of the following represent correct naming convention for undifferentiated groups? • Arksarben-Colo silt loams, 0 to 3 percent slopes • Ridgebury, Leicester, and Whitman soils, occasionally flooded • Ridgebury and Leicester and Whitman soils, occasionally flooded

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