1. Adaptive Skis Cameron Elliott

2. History • Adaptive skiing originated during World War II • Wounded German and Austrian mountain troops wanted to get back to skiing • Franz Wendel attached crutches to short skis 1942 and became known for his three track skiing • The sport of handicapped skiing soon spread by word of mouth

3. Skiing used as Rehabilitation • In late 1940’s Europeans and Americans developed rehab programs at army hospitals to encourage amputees to become involved in skiing • In 1953 Bob Engelien, who lost leg in Korean War, founded the American Amputee Ski School at Snow Summit • Amputees from Vietnam War lead to creation of Shepard’s Ski School at Aprahoe Basin in 1968 • Skiing combines physical strength, flexibility, balance, and endurance with a sense of accomplishment, speed, and an opportunity to socialize

4. Equipment • Outrigger Skis: short skis attached to crutch • Used to assist with balancing, turning, controlling speed, and stopping • Monoski: molded seat attached to alpine ski • Alpine Ski

5. Tessier Outrigger Design • Velcro straps attach crutch to forearm for tightened grip • Adjustable armrests fixed to crutch for comfort • Aluminum tubes allow for height adjustments • 3 ski tips available • Flat tip for beginner/intermediate skiers • Rounded tip for advanced skiers • Wide round tip for freeriders (deep snow)

6. Tessier Scarver Design • Frame: consists of aluminum boot and suspension unit • Made of aluminum and steel • Weighs about 22 lbs • Sitting angle adjusts between 30 and 40 degrees • Seat: equivalent to ski boot • Made of composite materials and foam • Straps for thighs, hips, and torso • Footrest: Made of carbon fiber

7. Limitations • Cost: $1400-$4500 • Weight: 30-35lbs • Durability

8. References • http://www.dualski.com/en/stabilisateurs/ • http://admin.disaboom.com/adaptive-skiing/from-rehab-tool-to-elite-sport-a-history-of-adaptive-skiing