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Exploring Soap Chemistry: From Fatty Acids to Cleanse

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  1. soap • The chemical reaction of a fatty acid with an alkali metal hydroxide. • The cleansing action of soap comes from its unique ability to surround oil particles, causing them to be dispersed in water and easily rinsed away. • Historically, soap was made by: • Soaking wood ash in water to make lye (common name for NaOH) • Adding animal fat (beef tallow or pig lard) • Castille soap is made from vegetable fat (Microsoft Clipart) http://science.jrank.org/pages/6214/Soap.html

  2. Chemical Reactions Creative Commons

  3. By 2012rc (Own work Notes and font fixed:The Photographer) [CC BY 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons

  4. Atoms in a chemical reaction NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O Na H O H Cl

  5. factors in chemical reaction http://3o318-physics-carcollisions.blogspot.com/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Energizer_Bunny.png http://arcadianhome.com/blog/tag/light-fixtures/page/5

  6. the heat is on lab Follow the instructions to complete the sodium hydroxide (NaOH) lab By Lucasbosch (Own work) [CC BY-SA 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons

  7. Exothermic Reactions Creative Commons

  8. (greek) pertaining to heat Exo: By Hi-Res Images of Chemical Elements (http://images-of-elements.com/oxygen.php) [CC BY 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons (greek) outside Thermic:

  9. the gummy bear lab By Thomas Rosenau (Own work) [CC BY-SA 2.5 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5)], via Wikimedia Commons

  10. not just a piece of candy Lakeland Elementary School: A visiting high school student and several younger students suffered minor injuries this morning when a test tube with a gummy bear candy and liquid inside it burst during a classroom demonstration Onteora High School: Donald Bucher was demonstrating an experiment with the chemical potassium chlorate when the explosion — which was strong enough to damage a window in the classroom — occurred.

  11. Bhopal, India In 1984, it had 700,000 inhabitants. Today, there are about 1.2 million. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/de/archive/b/ba/20031128162539%21India_map.png

  12. At midnight Dec 3, 1984 water entered the tank, containing 43 tonnes of methyl isocyanate (MIC). This caused an exothermic reaction. A toxic gas cloud descended upon the city. Eckerman, Ingrid: ppt presentation 2010

  13. Dead: • Approximately 16,000 during first weeks • At least 8,000 died since • Permanent injuries: • 100,000 – 200,000 • Water & air contamination lead to • birth defects, • reproductive health problems, • liver failure, • & cancer • The water is still contaminated By Simone.lippi at it.wikipedia [CC BY-SA 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0)], from Wikimedia Commons 520,000 people exposed Eckerman, Ingrid: ppt presentation 2010 Bhopal disaster memorial, By: Luca Frediani, Creative Commons

  14. Green Chemistry Principles http://www.clipartof.com/interior_wall_decor/details/Cartoon-Injured-Guy-Using-A-Laptop-In-A-Wheelchair-Poster-Art-Print-439307 <!-- Size: 140 px -- ><a href="http://www.clker.com/cliparts/d/2/c/4/1242250250578182939Hazard_T.svg.thumb.png"><img src='http://www.clker.com/cliparts/d/2/c/4/1242250250578182939Hazard_T.svg.thumb.png' alt='Hazard Sign clip art'/></a>

  15. What Can be Done? • How does this translate into an educational opportunity? • Highlight available tools/alternatives to make chemistry more green. • Solvent Guide • Reagent guide • Alternative methodologies

  16. The Challenge: <script type="text/javascript" src="http://www.freefoto.com/imagelink/?ffid=904-11-1898&s=s" ></script> How we make shampoo now Your brilliant alternative shampoo process of the future

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