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Muscular System

Muscular System. X. The Muscular System. Main function of a muscle: Contraction (shortening) Because muscles can contract: The main functions of the muscular system are: Movement Maintains Posture Stabilizes Joints Generates Heat Controls Openings (sphincters) Expressions

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Muscular System

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  1. Muscular System X

  2. The Muscular System • Main function of a muscle: Contraction (shortening) Because muscles can contract: The main functions of the muscular system are: Movement Maintains Posture Stabilizes Joints Generates Heat Controls Openings (sphincters) Expressions Protection (reflexes)

  3. Comparison of Skeletal, Cardiac, and Smooth Muscles Table 6.1 (1 of 2)

  4. Characteristics of Muscles • Skeletal and smooth muscle cells are elongated ***(a muscle cell is also referred to as a muscle fiber) Some skeletal muscle cells can be up to a foot long in length • All muscles share some terminology If you see myo- mys- or sarc- you think MUSCLE! • Prefixes myo and mys refer to “muscle” • Prefix sarco refers to “flesh”

  5. Comparison of Skeletal, Cardiac, and Smooth Muscles Table 6.1 (2 of 2)

  6. Terminology Review • Endo- Inside, Within (endoskeleton) • Peri- Around, surround (perimeter) • Epi- On, over, above (epidermis)

  7. Our Focus: SKELETAL MUSCLE (Striated)

  8. Skeletal Muscle Characteristics • Attached to the skeleton • Attached by tendons to bones (or aponeuroses) • Cells are multinucleate (many nuclei) • Striated (have visible banding) • Strong force • Tires easily (muscle fatigue) • Voluntary—you control them (exception = reflexes

  9. Connective Tissue Wrappings of Skeletal Muscle • Cells are surrounded and bundled by connective tissue • Endomysium—encloses a single muscle fiber • Perimysium—wraps around a group of muscle fibers forming a fascicle (bundle of muscle fibers) • Epimysium—covers the entire skeletal muscle (many fascicles)

  10. Connective Tissue Wrappings of Skeletal Muscle Figure 6.1

  11. Let’s build a model of a muscle.

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