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Project Cadence

Project Cadence. Adam Christensen Mordechai Cohen Amoz Eckerson John Vesely. Inspiration. Dempsey – MacCready Hour Record Prize Maximize distance traveled in 1 hour Powered by a single human being. 20 miles in 1 hour. 30 miles in 1 hour. Project Goals.

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Project Cadence

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  1. Project Cadence Adam Christensen Mordechai Cohen Amoz Eckerson John Vesely

  2. Inspiration Dempsey – MacCready Hour Record Prize • Maximize distance traveled in 1 hour • Powered by a single human being

  3. 20 miles in 1 hour 30 miles in 1 hour Project Goals • First step toward the Dempsey – MacCready Hour Record Prize • Design a human powered vehicle (HPV) for 150% of current rider capabilities

  4. Aerodynamic Fairing Drivetrain Rider in Prone Position Frame Project Cadence HPV

  5. Free Body Diagram

  6. Governing Equation Power Supply – Power Demand = Power for Acceleration Rolling Resistance Human Power Aerodynamic Drag Incline

  7. Verification of Energy Model

  8. P=VI Human Power • Understanding nature of human as a source of power • Not like a simple electric motor • Must be modeled • Work to improve ? • Training • Diet • Strategy Excessive for project scope Develop human power input as a function of time

  9. NASA Human Power Curve • NASA curve was developed to show time until fatigue for “healthy men” • If output power is not constant, NASA curve cannot be used

  10. Scaling Process

  11. Scaling Process Rider begins at output rate of 300W Max time = 4 min

  12. Scaling Process Rider begins at output rate of 300W Max time = 4 min Rider goes for 2 min and is ½ way to exhaustion

  13. Scaling Process Rider switches to output rate of 200W ORIGINAL max time = 60 min

  14. Scaling Process Rider switches to output rate of 200W ORIGINAL max time = 60 min Adjustment is needed to account for the previous output

  15. Scaling Process Rider switches to output rate of 200W ORIGINAL max time = 60 min Adjustment is needed to account for the previous output NEW max time = 30 min

  16. Calibrating Rider to NASA Curve

  17. Calibrating Rider to NASA Curve

  18. Calibrating Rider to NASA Curve

  19. Verification of Scaling Law

  20. Verification of Scaling Law

  21. Verification of Scaling Law 96.0% – 99.8% Accuracy

  22. Adequately house the rider and vehicle Laminar flow (skin friction drag dominates) Minimize protuberance drag Consider ground effects Aerodynamics – Critical Design Parameters

  23. Psarevo Shape NACA 66(4)-021 airfoil profile Camber Enclosed rear wheel Faired front wheel

  24. Testing the Shapes CFD & Wind Tunnel Models Compare different fairing designs Investigate camber and ground effects Measure drag and determine values for CDA (a necessary input into our Energy Model)

  25. Aerodynamics Skin friction drag of a flat plate 2D  3D

  26. Torpedo Flat Tail (TFT) Torpedo 3D Empirical Relations CD = Skin Friction + Supervelocity + Separation Pressure

  27. Composite Fairing – Psarevo Shape Approximated as a TFT with transition located at 60%

  28. Project Cadence HPV Frame 4130 Steel tube 1 in OD x 0.035 in WT ½ in OD x 0.035 in WT Weight = 10.2 lbs

  29. Project Cadence HPV Wheels & Tires Velocity Deep-V 20 in wheels 24 mm wide, 32 mm deep aero rim ACS RL Edge 20 in tires Crr1 = 0.0049

  30. Project Cadence HPV Drivetrain 165 mm Crank arm 53 T Crank gear 30-28-22-16-11 T Cassette Geared for 32 mph at 60 rpm

  31. Project Cadence HPV Hayes Hydraulic Disc Brake Ø 74 mm piston 6 in rotor

  32. Project Cadence HPV Supports Walnut hip support Cushioned for comfort

  33. Project Cadence HPV Complete Internal Structure

  34. Design Considerations • Energy Model result: 32.9 miles in 1 hour • Strategy • Relax upwind, make up time downwind • Relax uphill, make up time downhill • Aerodynamic Benefits • Human Fatigue affects even a professional athlete

  35. What is next? • Verify • Construct • Check • Predict • Test

  36. Questions? Thank you Hayes Brake, LLC Jason Incorporated Lincoln Electric Milwaukee Electric Tool Modine Manufacturing NASA / Langley Full-Scale Wind Tunnel Rhino 3D Wheel & Sprocket

  37. EXTRA SLIDES

  38. Why the MSOE Wind Tunnel Will Not Work • Need to preserve Reynolds number when going from full-scale to something smaller • MSOE One-Sixth Scale Wind Tunnel

  39. How to deal with Weight Power Supply – Power Demand = Power for Acceleration Weight also affects the Power for Acceleration • Initial acceleration to speed • Incremental acceleration around the track Rolling Resistance Acceleration Power Incline

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