1 / 30

Cell Structure & Function

Cell Structure & Function. Sections 7-2 and 7-3. Eukaryote vs. Prokaryote. eukaryotes: organisms whose cells contain a nucleus prokaryotes: organisms whose cells lack a nucleus. a tiny structure that performs a specialized function in the cell.

rlang
Télécharger la présentation

Cell Structure & Function

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Cell Structure & Function Sections 7-2 and 7-3

  2. Eukaryote vs. Prokaryote • eukaryotes: organisms whose cells contain a nucleus • prokaryotes: organisms whose cells lack a nucleus

  3. a tiny structure that performs a specialized function in the cell area between the nucleus and the cell membrane where the organelles are found Organelle Cytoplasm

  4. yes no Comparing Eukaryotic & Prokaryotic Cells Nucleus? Eurkaryotic Prokaryotic

  5. yes yes Comparing Eukaryotic & Prokaryotic Cells Cell Membrane? Eurkaryotic Prokaryotic

  6. yes yes Comparing Eukaryotic & Prokaryotic Cells Cytoplasm? Eurkaryotic Prokaryotic

  7. yes no Comparing Eukaryotic & Prokaryotic Cells Organelles? Eurkaryotic Prokaryotic

  8. both unicellular Comparing Eukaryotic & Prokaryotic Cells Unicellular or Multicellular? Eurkaryotic Prokaryotic

  9. plants, animals, fungi, protists bacteria Comparing Eukaryotic & Prokaryotic Cells Examples Eurkaryotic Prokaryotic

  10. A. Boundary Structures • Cell Wall • Location: outside the cell membrane • Function: helps to protect & support the cell

  11. A. Boundary Structures • Cell Wall • found in cells of plants, algae, and some bacteria • made of cellulose and lignin

  12. A. Boundary Structures • Cell Membrane • Function: regulates what enters and leaves the cell. Also aids in protection and support of the cell. • Made of lipids with associated proteins and carbohydrates.

  13. Structure of the Cell Membrane

  14. B. Nucleus • organelle that controls the cell’s activities and contains DNA • Nuclear envelope (membrane): two membranes that form the boundary around the nucleus

  15. B. Nucleus • Nucleolus: • where ribosomes are made • made of RNA and proteins • Chromatin: • DNA bound to protein • Spread throughout the nucleus • Chromosomes: • Distinct structures in nucleus that contain the genetic info that must be passed to each new generation of cells

  16. C. Energy Producing Organelles Mitochondria • change the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use • have a degree of independence from the rest of the cell

  17. C. Energy Producing Organelles Chloroplasts • trap the energy of sunlight and convert it into chemical energy • found only in plant cells & algae • have a degree of independence from the rest of the cell

  18. D. Transport/Homeostasis • Ribosomes • structures in which proteins are made • composed of RNA & protein • some are attached to membranes (rough ER); others are free in the cytoplasm

  19. D. Transport/Homeostasis • Endoplasmic Reticulum (er) • complex network of sacs that transport materials in the cell • 2 types: • smooth er • rough er

  20. D. Transport/Homeostasis • Smooth er • walls of the sacs look smooth • stores special chemicals and enzymes

  21. D. Transport/Homeostasis • Rough er • involved in synthesis of proteins • has ribosomes stuck to surface (make it look “rough”) • chemically modifies proteins

  22. D. Transport/Homeostasis • Golgi apparatus (body) • looks like a flattened stack of membranes (pancakes) • modifies, collects, packages, & distributes molecules made at one location of the cell and used at another

  23. Golgi apparatus

  24. D. Transport/Homeostasis • Lysosomes • contain chemicals & enzymes necessary for digesting certain materials in the cell • the “clean-up crew” • not in plant cells

  25. D. Transport/Homeostasis • Vacuoles • saclike storage structures • store water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates • plants have a large central vacuole to store excess water

  26. D. Transport/Homeostasis • Plastids • store food and pigments • 3 examples • chloroplasts: store chlorophyll • leukoplasts: store starch • chromoplasts: store pigment molecules

  27. E. Framework • Cytoskeleton • variety of filaments and fibers that support cell structure and drive cell movement • composed of microtubules and microfilaments

  28. Cytoskeleton

  29. E. Framework • Microtubules • hollow tubes • aid in support and movement • Cilia: short, thread-like • Flagella: long, whip-like • Centrioles • Located near the nucleus • Help organize cell division • Not found in plant cells

  30. E. Framework • Microfilaments • long, thin fibers • movement & support • movement of cytoplasm

More Related