The Ripple Effect (in discipline): Issuing Orders And Instructions , Reward And Punishment .

1. The Ripple Effect (in discipline): Issuing Orders And Instructions , Reward And Punishment.

2. INTRODUCTION

3. Classroom Management -: Key Ideas • Ripple effect • Issuing order and instructions • Reward and punishment Reference:- Lee Canter . (1997). Classroom Management For Academic Success : Raven Press (N Y)

4. THE RIPPLE EFFECT

6. Jacob Kounin • Class room behaviorist theorist coined the term ripple effect in 1970 • The "ripple effect" occurs when the teacher corrects a misbehavior in one student, and this positively influences the behavior of other • nearby students. Reference:- Jacob S.Kounin . (1974). Discipline and Group Management in Classrooms. (7th ed.). Albany (NY) Delmar

7. Kounin’s first observed this pattern in his students behavior • He later described this • Phenomenon as the • “Ripple Effect”. ibid

8. “Discipline and Group Management” understanding the ripple effect in order to achieve a more disciplined classroom Reference:- Jacob S.Kounin . (1974). Discipline and Group Management in Classrooms. (7th ed.). Albany (NY) Delmar

9. Factors influence on the ripple effect in two areas: • CLARITY • FIRMNESS Reference:- Cohen , Manion, Morrison. ( 2004) . A Guide To Teaching.Practice. (5th ed.). Routelege , Newyork

10. Issuing Instructions And Orders In Classroom Management

11. Cohen , Manion, Morrison. ( 2004) . A Guide To Teaching.Practice. (5th ed.). Routelege , New York.

12. Destructive habits for an effective Relationship • Criticising • Blaming • Complaining • Nagging • Threatening • Punishing • Bribing Cohen , Manion, Morrison. ( 2004) . A Guide To Teaching.Practice. (5th ed.). Routelege , New York.

13. Effective Classroom Management:- • Establish clear expectations • Give clear instructions • Use waiting and scanning • Acknowledge students on task • Demonstrate encouraging body language Cohen , Manion, Morrison. ( 2004) . A Guide To Teaching.Practice. (5th ed.). Routelege , New York.

14. Effective Classroom Management “micro-skills” • Demonstrate descriptive encouraging • Uses tactical ignoring • Give clear choices • Follows through with logical consequences • Defuse problem situations Cohen , Manion, Morrison. ( 2004) . A Guide To Teaching.Practice. (5th ed.). Routelege , New York.

15. Reference:- • Cohen , Manion, Morrison. ( 2004) . A Guide To Teaching.Practice. (5th ed.). Routelege , New York. • C.M Charles.(1974). Individualizing Instruction. St.Louis : Mobsy.

16. REWARDSAND PUNISHMENTS

17. Rewards and punishments both should be used to motivate the students • Punishments: • Pull down the level of confidence • No effective motivation • Rewards: • Sign of assurance • Enhance confidence • Extrinsic and intrinsic motivation REFERENCE:- S.J Philips . (2007). Issue Of Rewards And Punishment. . Retrieved January 4, 2011 from http://k6educators.about.com/od/educationglossary/g/gextric. htm

18. Connection with consequences • Learn behavior consequences • Appropriate behavior reward • Inappropriate behavior negative consequence REFERENCE:- M.A Oppler . (2005).Connection Of Behavior With Consequences . Retrieved January 4, 2011 ,from htpp://www.suite101.com/article.cfm/social_emotional_learning/103854

19. Types Of Rewards:- • Lunch bunch • Longer recess • Special seats • Get phone call home • Help in another class • Reference:- • Beth Lewis. (2009). Free And Effective Classroom Rewards. Retrieved January 5, 2011, from • http://k6educators.about.com/od/classroommanagement/a/simplerewards.htm

20. Types Of Punishments:- REFERENCE:- S.J Philips . (2007). Issue Of Rewards And Punishment. . Retrieved January 4, 2011 from http://k6educators.about.com/od/educationglossary/g/ gextrinsic.htm

21. Types of Punishments • Writing lines • Arithmetic punishment • Essays • Memorization • Detention • References: • school punishment

22. Corporal Punishment

23. CRITICISM / CONCLUSION

24. The Ripple Effect:- Critics And Their Rationale • C.M Charles • The ripple effect is greater when teacher • clearly names the unacceceptible behavior • and gives reasons • Teachers attitude enhances the ripple • effect • Ripple effect is weaker at post secondary level • Reference:- • C.M Charles.(1978). Teaching ,Learning, • Schooling: American Education. St .Louis. Mobsy

25. Warren Ferreter • Positive and negative Ripple effect Reference: Warren Ferreter. (1981).The Ripple Effect In The Classroom. Retrieved January 4, 2011.from Colombia University Website, Institute Of Education http;//www.ier.colombia.edu/publications/papers/newwine1.htm

26. Discipline needs not to be stressfuldiscipline needs not be negativeif discipline is stressful or negative then rewards and punishment may be the problem C.M CHARLES Reference:- C.M Charles. (2008) ,Building Classroom Discipline.(9th ed.). Allyn & Bacon: Boston ,Massachusetts

27. Behavior Management Techniques In The Classroom:- • Withitness • Overlapping • Smooth Transitions • Group Focus • Maintaining interest • and involvement Source :- W.C Hanson. (2003). Behavior Management: Jacob Kounin Approaches to Classroom Management. Retrieved January 3, 2011 ,from sol webs teaching discipline website http://www.solwebs.net/sgfl/teaching/discipline/koun1.htm

28. References:- 1) Lee Canter . (1997). Classroom Management For Academic Success . New York : Raven Press 2) Jacob S.Kounin . (1974). Discipline and Group Management in Classrooms. (7th ed.). Albany (NY), Delmar 3) Cohen , Manion, Morrison. ( 2004) . A Guide To Teaching Practice. (5th ed.). Routelege , New York 4) C.M Charles.(1974). Individualizing Instruction. St.Louis : Mobsy. 5) S.J Philips . (2007). Issue Of Rewards And Punishment. . Retrieved January 4, 2011 from http://k6educators.about.com/od/educationglossary/g/gextrinsic.htm

29. 6) M.A Oppler . (2005).Connection Of Behavior With Consequences . Retrieved January 4, 2011 ,from htpp://www.suite101.com/article.cfm/social_emotional_learning/ 103854 7) Beth Lewis. (2009). Free And Effective Classroom Rewards. Retrieved January 5, 2011, from http://k6educators.about.com/od/classroommanagement/a/simplerewards.htm 8) C.M Charles.(1978). Teaching ,Learning, Schooling: American Education. St .Louis. Mobsy 9) Warren Ferreter. (1981).The Ripple Effect In The Classroom. Retrieved January 4, 2011.from Colombia University Website, Institute Of Education http;//www.ier.colombia.edu/publications/papers/newwine1.htm

30. 10) W.C Hanson. (2003). Behavior Management: Jacob Kounin Approaches to Classroom Management. Retrieved January 3, 2011 ,from sol webs teaching discipline website http://www.solwebs.net/sgfl/teaching/discipline/koun1.htm