1 / 25

Nanotechnology: Applications and Implications for the Environment

Nanotechnology: Applications and Implications for the Environment. Welcome . Upcoming EBC Meetings. Nov 3 - New Nuclear Power and Climate Change: Issues and Opportunities Nov 6 - Env. Industry Forecast w/ Paul Zofnass Nov 15 - EPA VOC Control/Stack Testing Workshop in Waterbury

ron
Télécharger la présentation

Nanotechnology: Applications and Implications for the Environment

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Nanotechnology: Applications and Implications for the Environment Welcome

  2. Upcoming EBC Meetings Nov 3 - New Nuclear Power and Climate Change: Issues and OpportunitiesNov 6 - Env. Industry Forecast w/ Paul Zofnass Nov 15 - EPA VOC Control/Stack Testing Workshop in Waterbury Nov 30 - Reception – An Evening with Commissioner Gina McCarthy Dec 6 – Winter Garden Party in Boston

  3. EBC Mission Statement The mission of the Environmental Business Council of New England, Inc. (EBC) is to advance and promote the environmental and energy services and technology businesses in New England. • Provides programs on current legislative, regulatory, and technology developments that shape the future of the environmental/energy industry • Provides direct access to regulators and industry leaders to discuss developing issues • Offers networking and business development opportunities for its members • Supports and promotes sustainable environmental policies and practices for business and government • Fosters the development of future generations of the industry through academic partnerships and mentoring and training opportunities • Provides access to market research

  4. Nanotechnology: Applications and Implications for the Environment Brenda Barry Senior Toxicologist The Cadmus Group

  5. Nanotechnology: Applications and Implications for the Environment Robert H. Hurt Professor of Fluid Thermal and Chemical Processes Dept. of Engineering, Brown University

  6. A Materials Science Perspective on Developing Nanomaterials for Commercial and Environmental Applications Brown University, Providence RI Robert H. Hurt, Ph.D. Agnes B. Kane, M.D., Ph.D. Indrek Kulaots, Ph.D. Charles A. Vaslet, Ph.D. Lin Guo Bonnie Lau Kengquing Jian Margaret Tsien Xinyuan Liu Norma Messier Daniel Morris Nathan Miselis Love Sarin Jodie Pietruska Bevan Weissman Samuel Posner Aihui Yan Vanesa Sanchez We acknowledge support from the following grants: US EPA (STAR Grant RD83171901) NSF (DMI-050661) NIEHS (R01 ES03721, P42 ES013660, T32 ES07272, F30 ES013639)

  7. © Hyperion catalysis website The Nanotechnology Movement about 1/1000 width of human hair Definition the systematic manipulation of matter on the length scale 1-100 nm to produce useful new engineered structures, materials, or devices. History - R. Feynman, 1959, “There’s plenty of room at the bottom” - Kroto, Smalley, Curl, 1985, synthesis of Fullerene, C60 - Sumio Iijima, 1991, carbon nanotube synthesis Nanotechnology today -1600 companies, 700 industrial products - world-wide investment of 4.8 billion $ / yr The U.S. National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI) - first passed in 2001 - now ~ 1 billion $ / yr - optimistic status report: May 2005 - four phases envisioned (now in phase 1)

  8. Nanotechnology is the development of…. Nanoparticles - buckminster fullerene - metallic nanoparticles (gold, silver, iron) - glass/ceramic nanoparticles (titania, silica) - quantum dots (semiconductor nanoparticles) Nanotubes, nanofibers - carbon nanotubes - nanofibers (carbon, polymer, ceramic) - nanowires (metallic, semiconducting) Nanoplatelets Nanoplatelet graphite, clay, silica, hydroxyapatite Nanostructured surfaces Nanostructured solids and their application as components for next-generation technologies, including: batteries, fuel cells, sunscreens, cosmetics, structural materials, implants, drug delivery vehicles, catalysts, sorbents, and much, much more…….

  9. aerosol nanoparticle incandescence (black-body radiation) for room lighting http://nam.epfl.ch/res50.en.html Medieval Nanotechnology noble metal nanoparticles for wavelength-tunable pigmentation based on confined plasmon resonance

  10. The Nanomaterial Matrix (some well-known examples) Lamellar forms (2D materials) Equi-axed forms (particles) Fibrous forms (1D materials) Au nanoparticles Fe magnetic nanoparticles nanopart. catalysts (Pt,Zn,Cu,Ni,Co…) metals nanowires semiconducting nanowires, nanorods semiconductors quantum dots electrospun ceramic nanofibers for composite fillers nanophase powders for low-T sinterable coatings, parts, composite fillers, sorbents ceramics nano-clays carbon nanotubes, nanofibers carbons fullerenes, carbon black, nanohorns nano-graphite electrospun polymer nanofibers biodegradable polymer nanobeads for medical applications polymers oligomers (e.g. chitosan) branched compounds (dendrimers) surfactant assemblies (liposomes) other

  11. Soot Singlewall nanotube bundle Thess et al., Science 1996 Haljoligal and coworkers Carbon, 2004 Fullerenic soot Goel et al. Carbon, 2004 Multiwall nanotube Iijima et al., Nature 1991 A Gallery of Carbon Nanoforms

  12. Nanohorns Iijima et al., Chem. Phys. Lett. 1999 Onions Nanowindow control by oxidation 10 mm Ugarte, 1993 Kaneko, Carbon2004 Graphitic Cones Jaszcek et al. Carbon cover A Gallery of Carbon Nanoforms

  13. Peapods (C60 in SWNT) 1 nm Smith, Monthioux, LuzziNature 396(1998)323 Gloter et al., Chem.Phys.Lett 2004 Templated nanotube array J. Xu, Brown University Shells A Gallery of Carbon Nanoforms

  14. Some Nanomaterials are Expensive to Synthesize Arc evaporation Laser vaporization from Ando, Zhao, Sugai, Kumar, Materials Today 2004

  15. Catalytic methods now dominant for nanotube synthesis hydrocarbon decomposition from Rodriguez et al. 1995 diffusion graphene layer precipitation Multiwall carbon nanotubes Herringbone carbon nanofibers

  16. dispersion is key in 102% H2SO4 H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ [Davis et al., Macromolecules, 2004] A Diversity of Applications Conductive Plastics Tough Composite Materials Percolation threshold crack bridging Rich et al. ,SAE. Paper 2002-01-1037 fiber pullout [Xia et al. Acta Materialia, 2004]

  17. Applications: Electrodes [Endo et al., Carbon 2001] Floating catalyst method Li battery performance Composite electrode increasing nanotube content

  18. Nanomedicine: polymer/gold nanoparticles for drug delivery -- Nanomedicine Research of Prof. Edith Mathiowitz --

  19. Nanostructured Surfaces for Biomedical Implants Research of Prof. Tom Webster • Compared to currently implanted • materials, results from Prof. Webster’s • lab shows increased regeneration of: • orthopedic, • dental, • vascular, • bladder, • cartilage, and • nervous system • tissue on nanophase materials. microns 6 6 1.3 4 0 microns 2 6 4 0 0 2 microns 0 Conventional Grain Size microns 6 1.3 4 0 microns 2 6 4 0 2 microns 0 Nanophase Grain Size T. J. Webster, in Advances in Chemical Engineering Vol. 27, Academic Press, NY, pgs. 125-166, 2001.

  20. Nanomedicine research of Profs. Sun (chemistry) and Nurmikko (engineering) Silica coated Fe3O4 Organic Dye Linker molecule Magnetic nanoparticle-dye composite for cancer diagnostics and treatment ~60nm • Magnetic nanoparticle synthesis and surface modification • Magnetic hyperthermia Biological targeting molecule

  21. Biocompatible, hydrophilic, supramolecular carbon nanoparticles for cell delivery (Hurt/Kane) ultrasonic nebulization of lyotropic liquid crystal solution drying carbonization annealing

  22. Cell Uptake and Cytotoxicity of Supramolecular Carbon Nanoparticles

  23. Size Control (via solution concentration) Carrier mechanism CONH-R CONH-Protein coating oxidation covalent coupling for phagocytic delivery COOH HO O enhanced hydrophilicity for dispersion SO3H SO3H sulfonation for endocytic delivery micropore adsorption for extracellular delivery incorporation Carbon Nanospheres as Biomolecular Carriers Carbon platform modifications Fe/Co doped for magnetic steering acid wash surface adsorption

  24. Doped Supramolecular Carbon Nanoparticles for Cancer Therapy 300 nm

  25. “Magic Nano” March 2006 – “Magic Nano” bathroom sealant released to stores in Germany Health problems reported by 97 consumers ranging from breathing trouble to hospitalization from pulmonary edema March 28th 2006 – product recalled by German Federal Government Small Times, April 27th Company scientist claims the product contains no nanoparticles! Is existing product whose formulation switched from pump to spray can Fine droplets (< 10 micrometers) form thin silica film (100 nm) that seals cracks

More Related