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Sea Floor

Sea Floor. Sediments of the Ocean Floor. Sediment: a gathering of loose material that form layers Classified by: size, origin, and chemical composition. Four types of sediment: Lithogenous, Cosmogenous, Hydrogenous, Biogenous. Lithogenous.

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Sea Floor

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  1. Sea Floor

  2. Sediments of the Ocean Floor • Sediment: a gathering of loose material that form layers Classified by: size, origin, and chemical composition. • Four types of sediment: Lithogenous, Cosmogenous, Hydrogenous, Biogenous.

  3. Lithogenous • Derived from rocks at or above sea level that have been weathered by wind, rain, freezing/thawing. • Carried by rivers, wind, gravity, rain runoff, Ice Glaciers

  4. Cosmogenous • Derived from small particle of space material that penetrates the atmosphere. • Tektites: Spray out of the material formed by particles

  5. Hydrogenous • Produced by chemical processes in sea water • Example: Calcium Carbonates, manganese nodules

  6. Biogenous • Derived from once living organisms A) Calcarous ooze: derived from calcium that percipitate out of warm water; Calcium is soluble in cold water. B) Siliceous ooze: derived from plants & animals found all over the oceans 1) Diatomaceous ooze: Diatom small single-celled plants in temperate and polar regions

  7. Sampling methods • Dredge- large amount. NOT specific • Grab Sample- not as large of a sample. More specific. Surface of sediment. • Core Sampler- small sample. Very specific • Largest substance mined from the ocean by U.S. is sand and gravel.

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