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World War I

World War I. Aim: During times of war, why is a national consensus necessary and how is it reached? . What are the causes of WWI? . Competition, Imperialism Nationalism Militarism Secret Alliances SPARK: Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand . American Entry into WWI.

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World War I

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  1. World War I Aim: During times of war, why is a national consensus necessary and how is it reached?

  2. What are the causes of WWI? Competition, Imperialism Nationalism Militarism Secret Alliances SPARK: Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand

  3. American Entry into WWI Wilson’s 1912 Platform: He Kept Us Out of the War! Monroe Doctrine + US Policy of Neutrality

  4. Freedom of the Seas and the Zimmerman Telegram

  5. Small Groups • In groups of 3’s, review questions 1-10 that you had for homework. • After reviewing comprehension questions, answer the discussion questions below: • Why is war the “health of the state?” What can happen if a national consensus is not reached? Why is it necessary?

  6. War is the Health of the State • War is the health of the State. It automatically sets in motion throughout society those irresistible forces for uniformity, for passionate cooperation with the Government in coercing into obedience the minority groups and individuals which lack the larger herd sense. • -Randolph Bourne, “The State” 1918

  7. Part II: Creating a National Consensus How does a nation agree to war?

  8. 1. Make the War Just: Wilsonian Idealism The world must be made safe for democracy…We have no selfish ends to serve. We desire no conquest, no dominion…no material compensation for the sacrifices we shall cheerfully make…. Idealism and Democratic Peace theory Why did we go to war? According to Wilson, A war to end all wars

  9. 2. Intimidation and Fear • “The Pen is sharper than the Sword…” • Massive WWI Propaganda Campaign under George Creel: Committee on Public Information • Anti-German/Anti-Immigrant • Pamphlets, posters, newspapers, photographs, motion pictures

  10. 3. Shut Up Opponents The Espionage Act of 1917 Imprison Americans who spoke out against the war Eugene V. Debs Charles Schenck vs. US

  11. What does the Espionage Act say about Democracy? Is a national consensus more important than the rights of citizens?

  12. Homework • Read Zinn Chapter 5 A People's War (pages 137 to 159) (Will not be on the Midterm Examination) and complete reading comprehension questions posted online. • Due Date: • 11A: February 14th • 11B: February 25th • Midterm Examination on February 18th: • Review Reading Questions (3-4 will be on the examination) • Review notes/powerpoints and discussions: 2 essays will be on the exam; you write 1.

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