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Sour rye bread and white-wheat bread is produced in Ukraine. Ukrainians bake various ritual breads: the braided bread (kalach), Easter bread (paska), wedding bread (korovai). Many kinds of pastries are popular: doughnuts, poppy-seed rolls, sweet buns, honey cakes, rolls, and cookies.
For holidays they bake pyrohy (pies) filled with cheese, meat, cabbage, peas, buckwheat, mushrooms, plums, or poppy seed.
The favorite dish made of flour is filled dumplings (varenyky) with various types of filling: cheese, potato and cheese, cabbage, meat, buckwheat, berries. They may be served with fried bacon, fried onions, or sour cream.
Potato is widely used in Ukrainian cooking. It is a necessary ingredient in all kinds of soup. Boiled or baked potatoes are served alone or with meat, fish, cheese, cabbage, mushrooms.
Another important vegetable is cabbage, particularly sauerkraut. It is used to make cabbage soup (kapusniak) or served with meat, pea puree, or potatoes. Cabbage leaves are used in making cabbage rolls (holubtsi), which are filled with buckwheat, rice or meat.
Mushrooms are an essential ingredient in many dishes. They may be dried, marinated or pickled for winter.
In the Ukrainian tradition soup or borsch must be served with dinner. Borsch is especially known. It is made from vegetables, among which beets and cabbage are predominant. There are many varieties of borsch depending on the locality, the ingredients, the season.
The most popular meat is pork and its products, such as ham, sausage, smoked bacon, and salted pork. A lot of poultry is used. It may be baked in sour cream, stuffed, roasted, fried, or cooked for soup.
Fish is fried or baked with stuffing. Cold appetizers are made from salted herring.
