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Understanding Biodiversity: Classifying Living Organisms in the Six Kingdoms

Explore the fascinating world of biodiversity and the defining qualities of living organisms. This unit covers how we identify living things through characteristics such as growth, reproduction, energy utilization, responsiveness to the environment, and cellular organization. Learn the hierarchical classification system starting from Kingdom down to Species, focusing on the differences between unicellular and multicellular organisms, autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition, and prokaryotic versus eukaryotic cells. Discover the distinct characteristics of each of the six kingdoms: Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.

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Understanding Biodiversity: Classifying Living Organisms in the Six Kingdoms

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  1. 6 Kingdoms Unit 2 - Biodiversity

  2. It’s Alive! • What qualities distinguish something as “living”? • It can…. • Grow and develop • Reproduce • Obtain and use materials and energy • Respond to their environment • Change over time • Are based on a universal genetic code • Are made up of units called cells

  3. How are these living things organized? • Kingdom • Phylum • Class • Order • Family • Genus • Species

  4. How are organisms classified at the Kingdom Level? • Number of cells • Unicellular or Multicellular • Mode of Nutrition • Autotrophic or Heterotrophic • Type of cells • Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic • Cell wall structure • Are they there? • If they are what are they made of?

  5. Number of Cells Unicellular Multicellular • Made up of one cell • Made up of 2 or more cells.

  6. Mode of Nutrition Autotrophic Heterotrophic • Make their own food/energy • Get energy from other organisms

  7. Cell Type Prokaryotic (BACTERIA ONLY!!) Eukaryotic • No nucleus or membrane bound organelles • Has a nucleus and membrane bound organelles

  8. Cell Walls Some have cell walls with… Some don’t have cell walls… • Peptidoglycan (some bacteria) • Cellulose (plants, some protist) • Chitin (fungi) • All Animals • Some protist

  9. Kingdom Archabacteria • Prokaryotic • Unicellular • Cell walls without Peptidoglycan • Some autotrophic, some heterotrohpic • Found in harsh, extreme environments

  10. Kingdom Eubacteria • Prokaryotic • Unicellular • Cell walls with Peptidoglycan • Some autotrophic, some heterotrohpic • Found everywhere! (wash your hands!)

  11. Kingdom Protista • Eukaryotic • Unicellular & Multicellular • Some with cell walls with cellulose, some without • Some autotrophic, some heterotrohpic • Mostly aquatic

  12. Kingdom Fungi • Eukaryotic • mostly Multicellular, some unicellular • Cell walls with chitin • Heterotrohpic • Mostly terrestrial

  13. Kingdom Plantae • Eukaryotic • all Multicellular • Cell walls with cellulose • Autotrophic • Terrestrial and aquatic

  14. Kingdom Animalia • Eukaryotic • all Multicellular • No cell walls • Heterotrophic • Terrestrial and aquatic

  15. Let’s Review • What are the determinant criteria for Kingdoms? • ___________________________ • (unicellular vs. multicellular) • ___________________________ • (prokaryotic vs. eukaryotic) • ___________________________ • (composition of cell wall vs. no cell wall) • ___________________________ • (autotrophic vs. heterotrophic)

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