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The invention of the cotton gin in 1793 by Eli Whitney revolutionized the cotton industry, significantly boosting cotton production in the American South. This breakthrough impacted both the economy and the political landscape, intensifying reliance on slave labor and contributing to the sectional tensions between North and South. The cotton gin's efficiency changed the agricultural economy, leading to the growth of plantations and deepening social inequalities. Understanding these impacts is crucial for analyzing the historical context of 19th-century America.
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