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Impact of Industrialization

Impact of Industrialization. Unit 6, SSWH 15 a. Industrialization Changes Life. Factories pay more than farms, spur demand for more expensive goods Urbanization —city-building and movement of people to cities • Growing population provides work force, market for factory goods

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Impact of Industrialization

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  1. Impact of Industrialization Unit 6, SSWH 15 a

  2. Industrialization Changes Life • Factories pay more than farms, spur demand for more expensive goods • Urbanization—city-building and movement of people to cities • Growing population provides work force, market for factory goods • British industrial cities: London, Birmingham, Manchester, Liverpool

  3. Living Conditions • Sickness widespread; epidemics, like cholera, sweep urban slums • Life span in one large city is only 17 years • Wealthy merchants, factory owners live in luxurious suburban homes • Rapidly growing cities lack sanitary codes, building codes • Cities also without adequate housing, education, police protection

  4. Working Conditions • Average working day 14 hours for 6 days a week, year round • Work was very boring, same thing everyday • Factories didn’t have safety standards: dirty, poorly lit factories injure workers • Many coal miners killed by coal dust • Govt didn’t provide aid to assist injured workers • Women and children hired first (cheaper & complained less)

  5. Middle Class • Middle class—skilled workers, merchants, rich farmers, professionals • Emerging middle class looked down on by landowners, aristocrats • Middle class has comfortable standard of living, lives in the suburbs

  6. Working Class • Laborers’ lives not improved; some laborers replaced by machines • Unemployment a serious problem; unemployed workers riot

  7. Immediate Benefits • Creates jobs, enriches nation, encourages technological progress • Education expands, clothing cheaper, diet and housing improve • Workers eventually win shorter hours, better wages and conditions

  8. Long-Term Effects • Improved living and working conditions still evident today • Governments use increased tax revenues for urban improvements

  9. Children in Manchester Factories • Children as young as 6 work in factories; many are injured • 1819 Factory Act restricts working age, hours • Factory pollution fouls air, poisons river • Nonetheless, Manchester produces consumer goods and creates wealth

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