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Insights into Transposition and Site-Specific Recombination Mechanisms in DNA

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This chapter focuses on Conservative Site-Specific Recombination (CSSR), detailing its processes including insertion, deletion, and inversion of DNA. It elaborates the role of site-specific recombinases and accessory proteins, including resolvases that untangle circular chromosomes. The chapter also discusses transposons, both autonomous and non-autonomous, detailing their movement mechanisms and regulatory functions. Additionally, it covers V(D)J recombination, emphasizing its significance in generating immune diversity.

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Insights into Transposition and Site-Specific Recombination Mechanisms in DNA

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  1. Chapter 11 Transposition and Site-Specific Recombination 27 and 29 September, 2006

  2. Overview • Conservative Site-Specific Recombination (CSSR) may involve insertion, deletion, or inversion of DNA sequences. • Site-specific recombinases have a mechanism that includes a DNA-protein covalent intermediate. • CSSR may be regulated by the presence or absence of accessory proteins. • Resolvases are CSSR recombinases that disentangle circular chromosomes. • Transposons move using recombination pathways. • Transposons may be autonomous or nonautonomous. • DNA transposons and viral-like retrotransposons move via a cut/paste mechanism. • Retrotransposon movement involves reverse transcription. • Some transposons regulate copy number or control target site selection through the use of proteins or antisense RNA. • V(D)J recombination uses regulated, specific recombination to generate immune diversity.

  3. Recombination and Transposition

  4. CSSR: Prophage Insertion

  5. Three Classes of CSSR

  6. Recombinase Recognition Sites

  7. Recombinase Mechanism

  8. Serine Recombinases

  9. Tyrosine Recombinases

  10. Mechanism of Cre Recombinase

  11. Cre-DNA Structure

  12. Lambda integration requires architectural proteins.

  13. lInt and IHF stabilize bent DNA.

  14. Hin Inversion

  15. Hin inversion requires Fis bound at an enhancer.

  16. Resolvases disentangle circular DNAs after replication.

  17. FtsK Regulation of the Xer Resolvase Mechanism

  18. FtsK is present at the division closure site.

  19. Conservative and Replicative Transposition

  20. Transposons in Several Genomes

  21. Types of Transposons

  22. Cut and Paste Transposition

  23. Three Mechanisms for Cleaving the Nontransferred Strand

  24. Replicative Transposition

  25. Retrotransposon Movement

  26. Retrotransposon Movement

  27. Retrotransposon Movement

  28. DNA Transposases and retroviral integrases are members of the same protein superfamily.

  29. LINE poly-A Retrotransposon Movement

  30. Tn10 achieves antisense copy control by overlapping promoters.

  31. Antisense Copy Control

  32. Tn10 transposase promoter is active only when hemimethylated.

  33. MuA and MuB participate in selecting Mu transposition target sequences.

  34. MuA disrupts MuB assembly, conferring transposition target immunity.

  35. Clustered Integration of Yeast Ty Elements

  36. Antibody

  37. V(D)J Recombination

  38. Recombination Signal Sequences

  39. V(D)J Recombination Mechanism

  40. Title

  41. LINES and SINES Again?

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