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Schottky Diode I-V Characteristics: Understanding Current Flow and Bias Effects

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9 diapositives · 320 Views · Feb 02, 2013

The I-V characteristics of Schottky diodes, examining current flow under forward and reverse bias conditions. It highlights the role of majority carrier diffusion across the metal-semiconductor (MS) junction and how applied bias impacts the voltage drop across the depletion region. Additionally, the width of the depleted layer and the mechanisms of thermionic emission are explored. The lecture concludes with a summary of Schottky diode applications, emphasizing their advantages in low-voltage, high-current rectification.

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Schottky Diode I-V Characteristics: Understanding Current Flow and Bias Effects
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  1. OUTLINE Metal-semiconductor contacts (cont.) I-V characteristics Reading: Finish 14.2 Lecture #12 EE130 Lecture 12, Slide 1

  2. Current Flow in a Schottky Diode FORWARD BIAS • Current is determined by majority-carrier flow across the MS junction: • Under forward bias, majority-carrier diffusion from the semiconductor into the metal dominates • Under reverse bias, majority-carrier diffusion from the metal into the semiconductor dominates REVERSE BIAS EE130 Lecture 12, Slide 2

  3. Voltage Drop across the MS Diode • Under equilibrium conditions (VA = 0), the voltage drop across the semiconductor depletion region is the built-in voltage Vbi. • If VA 0, the voltage drop across the semiconductor depletion region is Vbi - VA. EE130 Lecture 12, Slide 3

  4. Depleted Layer Width, W, for VA 0 Last time, we found that At x = 0, V = - (Vbi- VA) • W increases with increasing –VA • W decreases with increasing ND - (Vbi- VA) EE130 Lecture 12, Slide 4

  5. W for p-type Semiconductor At x = 0, V = Vbi + VA • W increases with increasing VA • W decreases with increasing NA EE130 Lecture 12, Slide 5

  6. Electrons can cross the junction into the metal if Thus the current for electrons at a given velocity is: So, the total current over the barrier is: Thermionic Emission Theory EE130 Lecture 12, Slide 6

  7. For a nondegenerate semiconductor, it can be shown that We can then obtain In the reverse direction, the electrons always see the same barrier FB, so Therefore Schottky Diode I - V EE130 Lecture 12, Slide 7

  8. Applications of Schottky Diodes • IS of a Schottky diode is 103 to 108 times larger than that of a pn junction diode, depending on FB.  Schottky diodes are preferred rectifiers for low-voltage, high-current applications. EE130 Lecture 12, Slide 8

  9. Summary • In a Schottky contact, charge is stored on either side of the MS junction • The applied bias VA modulates this charge and thus the voltage drop across the semiconductor depletion region  Flow of majority carriers into the metal varies exponentially withVA EE130 Lecture 12, Slide 9