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PENGGOLONGAN ANTIMIKOTIKA

PENGGOLONGAN ANTIMIKOTIKA. A. Antibiotika Griseofulvin, Amfoterisin B, Nistatin, Natamisin B. Derivat imidazol Mikonazol, Ketokonazol, Klotrimazol, Bifonazol, Ekonazol, Isokonazol, Tiokonazol. C. Derivat triazol Flukonazol, Itrakonazol, Terkonazol D. Asam-asam organis

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PENGGOLONGAN ANTIMIKOTIKA

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  1. PENGGOLONGAN ANTIMIKOTIKA A.Antibiotika Griseofulvin, Amfoterisin B, Nistatin, Natamisin B.Derivat imidazol Mikonazol, Ketokonazol, Klotrimazol, Bifonazol, Ekonazol, Isokonazol, Tiokonazol C. Derivat triazol Flukonazol, Itrakonazol, Terkonazol D. Asam-asam organis Asam benzoat, Salisilat, Propionat, Kaprilat, dan Undesilinat E. Lainnya Terbinafin, Tolnaftat, Haloprogin, Naftifin, Sikopiroks, Selensulfida, dan Pirition

  2. EFEK SAMPING • Griseofulvin sakit kepala,urtikaria, fotosensitasi, gangguan hati. Ringan dan jarang terjadi • Amfoterisin B yang terpenting adl nefrotoksis • Nistatin pada dosis tinggi → mual, muntah

  3. Natamisin Penggunaan lokal → iritasi kulit dan mukosa • Mikonazol iritasi, alergi dan rasa terbakar di kulit • Ketokonazol mual, muntah, diare, nyeri kepala,pusing, gatal2 dan exanthema, hepatotoksis, terganggunya produksi sperma, dan impotensi • Itrakonazol gangguan fungsi hati dan ginjal

  4. DERMATOMIKOSIS • Kutu air (athlete’s foot, Tinea pedis) terapi : krem mikonazol atau ung.Whitfield (benzoat 5 %, salisilat 5 %). Kasus parah : griseofulvin atau ketokonazol per oral • Kutu kapur (‘ram’s horn nail’) terapi : terbinafin atau grisofulvin per oral

  5. Panu (Pityriasis versicolor) terapi : lar salisilat 5-10 %, krem mikonazol/ketokonazol • Ketombe (dandruff, pityriasis capitis ) terapi : selensulfida 2,5 %, seng pirithion 2 %, piroctoneolamin, gel ketokonazol • Candidiasis mulut (sariawan) terapi : flukonazol peroral, itrakonazol atau ketokonazol peroral, susp nistatin atau tablet isap amfoterisin

  6. Candidiasis Vagina (vaginitis) terapi : mikonazol, klotrimazol dan ketokonazol ovula, itrakonazol, ketokonazol, flukonazol per oral • Candidiasis kulit terapi : krem mikonazol atau ketokonazol • Candidiasis sistemis terapi : ketokonazol atau itrakonazol obat alternatif asam kaprilat

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