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Bacteria

The world of the Microorganism. Bacteria. Bacteria: The cell itself. Bacterial Shapes. Cocci: Spherical Bacilli: Rod Shaped Spirochetes: Curved or spiral shaped. . Phases of Bacterial Growth. LAG PHASE: Slow at first. Bacteria gets used to new climate.

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Bacteria

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  1. The world of the Microorganism Bacteria

  2. Bacteria: The cell itself

  3. Bacterial Shapes • Cocci: Spherical • Bacilli: Rod Shaped • Spirochetes: Curved or spiral shaped.

  4. Phases of Bacterial Growth • LAG PHASE: Slow at first. Bacteria gets used to new climate. • LOG PHASE: Once acclimated, bacteria begins to grow at exponential amount. (2, 4, 8, 16…) • STATIONARY PHASE: Once a general population of bacteria is reached, the number of bacterial levels out. • DEATH PHASE: Waste products build up and nutrients are used up… bacteria begin to die.

  5. The good • Some bacteria helps us live a healthy normal life. • We have billions of bacterial cells living in our intestines (over 400 types) that help us digest our food. • This bacteria will crowd out the bad bacteria limiting their growth. • When this good bacteria is damaged in our body to a certain extent the bad bacteria could then grow at a higher rate resulting in an “opportunist infection” • Bacteria is used in foods for a number of reasons. (ex. Bacteria is used in milk to ferment it into yogurt.) • “Petroleum eaters” are bacteria that can be used to clean up oil spills. • Bacteria is used at waste management plants where as the break down human waste to water and gasses. • Cyanobacteria is directly responsible the kinds of life on earth today.

  6. The bad • Pathogens: Any bacteria that causes harm or death to its host. • Pathogens can be ingested, breathed in, or contracted by direct contact or body fluids (STD’s) • Pathogens can make us sick us by invading and destroying cells or by producing toxins that are poisonous to the body. • Antibiotics are made to destroy the pathogenic bacteria. • Vaccines are made to prevent infectious diseases by aiding the body in the production of immunities. • THE PROBLEM: Pathogenic bacteria can evolve and adapt just like animals and are increasingly becoming more anti-biotic resistant… superbugs!

  7. The Ugly Staph Infections

  8. CASE FILE: BOONE • NIU strong safety Boone Thorgesen contracted a methicillin resistant strain of staph known as MRSA as of October 27th 2006. Boone demonstrated common symptoms such as a painful boil on his right leg. Boone also noted an extending area of redness advancing up his right leg toward his groin. After administering oral antibiotics Boone showed little response. After an increase in pain, Boone was administered a intramuscular dose (shot) of a sulfa base drug and was also given oral medication to continue for a period of two weeks. Based on the reaction to the Sulfa based drug and confirmed by blood tests, Boone had a contracted a strain of staphylococcus known as MRSA. Boone must be further released by a doctor to participate in any sport activity. • Upon beginning practice for the Northern Illinois football team, Boone required a release by a physician to compete with the team. A physical examination as well as a blood test was required.

  9. Alt: Links to MRSA in the news. Infections in Sports School Outbreaks Hospital Outbreaks Treatment

  10. Bacteria is EVERYWHERE • Bacteria can be found almost everywhere on this planet. Though most of it is harmless, we still keep coming up with new ways to prevent the spreading of bacteria in our household.

  11. Today’s Lab • Today we will test our classroom for areas in which we believe their to be high concentrations of Bacteria. We will also experiment with different disinfectants that claim to kill most bacteria on surfaces. We will perform the following: • Hypothesize locations in the classroom that may breed a lot of bacteria. • Swab that location with thoroughly with our Q-tips. • Swab our agar plates on the right side with our ‘bacteria Q-tip’. Throw away used Q-tip and label plate. • Disinfect same location. Re-swab area with clean Q-tip. Swab left side of agar plate. • Record location and disinfectant on worksheet.

  12. Swabbing Agar Plates • When growing bacteria in a science lab, scientists used agar plates. Agar plates contain vital nutrients that promote bacterial growth. When put in the write conditions (37 degrees Celsius) Bacteria will grow and form colonies like we see to the left. To swab and agar plate we will streak the plate with the Q-tip slowly and carefully, exposing all sides of the Q-tip to the plate.

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